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Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins

A group of stable, water-soluble and membrane-bound proteins constitute the pore forming toxins (PFTs) in cnidarians. They interact with membranes to physically alter the membrane structure and permeability, resulting in the formation of pores. These lesions on the plasma membrane causes an imbalanc...

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Main Authors: Yap, Wei Yuen *, Hwang, Jung Shan *
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI 2018
Subjects:
RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Online Access:http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/948/1/Hwang%20Jung%20Response%20Molecules%20Review%202018.pdf
http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/948/
http://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102537
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spelling my.sunway.eprints.9482019-04-25T07:27:10Z http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/948/ Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins Yap, Wei Yuen * Hwang, Jung Shan * RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology A group of stable, water-soluble and membrane-bound proteins constitute the pore forming toxins (PFTs) in cnidarians. They interact with membranes to physically alter the membrane structure and permeability, resulting in the formation of pores. These lesions on the plasma membrane causes an imbalance of cellular ionic gradients, resulting in swelling of the cell and eventually its rupture. Of all cnidarian PFTs, actinoporins are by far the best studied subgroup with established knowledge of their molecular structure and their mode of pore-forming action. However, the current view of necrotic action by actinoporins may not be the only mechanism that induces cell death since there is increasing evidence showing that pore-forming toxins can induce either necrosis or apoptosis in a cell-type, receptor and dose-dependent manner. In this review, we focus on the response of the cellular immune system to the cnidarian pore-forming toxins and the signaling pathways that might be involved in these cellular responses. Since PFTs represent potential candidates for targeted toxin therapy for the treatment of numerous cancers, we also address the challenge to overcoming the immunogenicity of these toxins when used as therapeutics. MDPI 2018 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_nc_4 http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/948/1/Hwang%20Jung%20Response%20Molecules%20Review%202018.pdf Yap, Wei Yuen * and Hwang, Jung Shan * (2018) Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins. Molecules, 23 (10). p. 2537. ISSN 1420-3049 http://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102537 doi:10.3390/molecules23102537
institution Sunway University
building Sunway Campus Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Sunway University
content_source Sunway Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/
language English
topic RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
spellingShingle RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Yap, Wei Yuen *
Hwang, Jung Shan *
Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins
description A group of stable, water-soluble and membrane-bound proteins constitute the pore forming toxins (PFTs) in cnidarians. They interact with membranes to physically alter the membrane structure and permeability, resulting in the formation of pores. These lesions on the plasma membrane causes an imbalance of cellular ionic gradients, resulting in swelling of the cell and eventually its rupture. Of all cnidarian PFTs, actinoporins are by far the best studied subgroup with established knowledge of their molecular structure and their mode of pore-forming action. However, the current view of necrotic action by actinoporins may not be the only mechanism that induces cell death since there is increasing evidence showing that pore-forming toxins can induce either necrosis or apoptosis in a cell-type, receptor and dose-dependent manner. In this review, we focus on the response of the cellular immune system to the cnidarian pore-forming toxins and the signaling pathways that might be involved in these cellular responses. Since PFTs represent potential candidates for targeted toxin therapy for the treatment of numerous cancers, we also address the challenge to overcoming the immunogenicity of these toxins when used as therapeutics.
format Article
author Yap, Wei Yuen *
Hwang, Jung Shan *
author_facet Yap, Wei Yuen *
Hwang, Jung Shan *
author_sort Yap, Wei Yuen *
title Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins
title_short Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins
title_full Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins
title_fullStr Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins
title_full_unstemmed Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins
title_sort response of cellular innate immunity to cnidarian pore-forming toxins
publisher MDPI
publishDate 2018
url http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/948/1/Hwang%20Jung%20Response%20Molecules%20Review%202018.pdf
http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/948/
http://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102537
_version_ 1644324441313771520
score 13.211869

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