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The valorisation of grass waste for the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots for nonlinear optical applications

The recent years have seen an increase in efforts to develop a simple and less complex method of converting waste materials into graphene nanomaterials. Herein, we present the valorisation of grass waste for the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) using hydrothermal technique. The effica...

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Main Authors: Danial, Wan Hazman, Abdullah, Mundzir, Abu Bakar, Mohamad Aizat, Yunos, Muhammad Syafiee, Ibrahim, Abdul Razak, Iqbal, Anwar, Adnan, Nurul Nadia
Format: Article
Language:English
English
Published: Elsevier 2022
Subjects:
QC Physics
QD Chemistry
Online Access:http://irep.iium.edu.my/99847/2/99847_The%20valorisation%20of%20grass%20waste%20for%20the%20green%20synthesis.pdf
http://irep.iium.edu.my/99847/3/99847_The%20valorisation%20of%20grass%20waste_SCOPUS.pdf
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0925346722008874#!
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spelling my.iium.irep.998472022-09-09T07:54:24Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/99847/ The valorisation of grass waste for the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots for nonlinear optical applications Danial, Wan Hazman Abdullah, Mundzir Abu Bakar, Mohamad Aizat Yunos, Muhammad Syafiee Ibrahim, Abdul Razak Iqbal, Anwar Adnan, Nurul Nadia QC Physics QD Chemistry The recent years have seen an increase in efforts to develop a simple and less complex method of converting waste materials into graphene nanomaterials. Herein, we present the valorisation of grass waste for the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) using hydrothermal technique. The efficacy of using three different precursors that had been sourced from green waste materials to produce GQDs was investigated; namely, grass waste, and grass waste-derived cellulose, and cellulose nanocrystals. The resulting GQDs were characterised using UV–Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The UV–Vis analysis revealed the existence of π-π* transition of the Cdouble bondC bond of the GQDs samples while the FTIR results showed the samples contained typical functional groups; such as O–H, Cdouble bondO, and C–O. The surface functionalisation of the GQDs was further corroborated by the XPS analysis. The Raman analysis indicated that the structure of the GQDs was highly functionalised, with a more prominent D-band than G-band indicating a high ID/IG ratio. The morphological analyses, which were conducted using TEM and AFM, showed that the particles of the samples were uniform in size and circular in shape. The AFM analysis found that the thickness of the GQDs samples ranged between 0.5 and 2.6 nm, implying that the samples contained 1–3 layers of GQDs. Further analysis using the Z-scan technique indicated that the GQDs exhibited strong nonlinear refraction and nonlinear absorption which holds great promise for nonlinear integrated applications such as optical limiting, optical switching, image transmission, logic devices and mode-locked laser system, and so on. Elsevier 2022-08-17 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/99847/2/99847_The%20valorisation%20of%20grass%20waste%20for%20the%20green%20synthesis.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/99847/3/99847_The%20valorisation%20of%20grass%20waste_SCOPUS.pdf Danial, Wan Hazman and Abdullah, Mundzir and Abu Bakar, Mohamad Aizat and Yunos, Muhammad Syafiee and Ibrahim, Abdul Razak and Iqbal, Anwar and Adnan, Nurul Nadia (2022) The valorisation of grass waste for the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots for nonlinear optical applications. Optical Materials, 132. ISSN 0925-3467 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0925346722008874#! 10.1016/j.optmat.2022.112853
institution Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia
building IIUM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider International Islamic University Malaysia
content_source IIUM Repository (IREP)
url_provider http://irep.iium.edu.my/
language English
English
topic QC Physics
QD Chemistry
spellingShingle QC Physics
QD Chemistry
Danial, Wan Hazman
Abdullah, Mundzir
Abu Bakar, Mohamad Aizat
Yunos, Muhammad Syafiee
Ibrahim, Abdul Razak
Iqbal, Anwar
Adnan, Nurul Nadia
The valorisation of grass waste for the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots for nonlinear optical applications
description The recent years have seen an increase in efforts to develop a simple and less complex method of converting waste materials into graphene nanomaterials. Herein, we present the valorisation of grass waste for the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) using hydrothermal technique. The efficacy of using three different precursors that had been sourced from green waste materials to produce GQDs was investigated; namely, grass waste, and grass waste-derived cellulose, and cellulose nanocrystals. The resulting GQDs were characterised using UV–Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The UV–Vis analysis revealed the existence of π-π* transition of the Cdouble bondC bond of the GQDs samples while the FTIR results showed the samples contained typical functional groups; such as O–H, Cdouble bondO, and C–O. The surface functionalisation of the GQDs was further corroborated by the XPS analysis. The Raman analysis indicated that the structure of the GQDs was highly functionalised, with a more prominent D-band than G-band indicating a high ID/IG ratio. The morphological analyses, which were conducted using TEM and AFM, showed that the particles of the samples were uniform in size and circular in shape. The AFM analysis found that the thickness of the GQDs samples ranged between 0.5 and 2.6 nm, implying that the samples contained 1–3 layers of GQDs. Further analysis using the Z-scan technique indicated that the GQDs exhibited strong nonlinear refraction and nonlinear absorption which holds great promise for nonlinear integrated applications such as optical limiting, optical switching, image transmission, logic devices and mode-locked laser system, and so on.
format Article
author Danial, Wan Hazman
Abdullah, Mundzir
Abu Bakar, Mohamad Aizat
Yunos, Muhammad Syafiee
Ibrahim, Abdul Razak
Iqbal, Anwar
Adnan, Nurul Nadia
author_facet Danial, Wan Hazman
Abdullah, Mundzir
Abu Bakar, Mohamad Aizat
Yunos, Muhammad Syafiee
Ibrahim, Abdul Razak
Iqbal, Anwar
Adnan, Nurul Nadia
author_sort Danial, Wan Hazman
title The valorisation of grass waste for the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots for nonlinear optical applications
title_short The valorisation of grass waste for the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots for nonlinear optical applications
title_full The valorisation of grass waste for the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots for nonlinear optical applications
title_fullStr The valorisation of grass waste for the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots for nonlinear optical applications
title_full_unstemmed The valorisation of grass waste for the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots for nonlinear optical applications
title_sort valorisation of grass waste for the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots for nonlinear optical applications
publisher Elsevier
publishDate 2022
url http://irep.iium.edu.my/99847/2/99847_The%20valorisation%20of%20grass%20waste%20for%20the%20green%20synthesis.pdf
http://irep.iium.edu.my/99847/3/99847_The%20valorisation%20of%20grass%20waste_SCOPUS.pdf
http://irep.iium.edu.my/99847/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0925346722008874#!
_version_ 1744353529900826624
score 13.211869

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