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The effect of maturity and extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of mulberry (Morus alba) fruits and leaves

Cultivation location, maturity levels, and extraction solvents could affect the bioactive compounds and biological activities of mulberry (Morus alba Linnaeus). The lack of study on Malaysiagrown mulberry causes its underutilization. This study investigated the bioactive compound content and the a...

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Main Authors: Chen, Centhyea, Mohd Mokhtar, Ruzaidi Azli, Abdullah Sani, Muhamad Shirwan, Mohd Noor, Nor Qhairul Izzreen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI 2022
Subjects:
QD Chemistry
Online Access:http://irep.iium.edu.my/97561/1/97561_The%20effect%20of%20maturity.pdf
http://irep.iium.edu.my/97561/
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/8/2406/htm
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spelling my.iium.irep.975612022-04-11T01:07:56Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/97561/ The effect of maturity and extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of mulberry (Morus alba) fruits and leaves Chen, Centhyea Mohd Mokhtar, Ruzaidi Azli Abdullah Sani, Muhamad Shirwan Mohd Noor, Nor Qhairul Izzreen QD Chemistry Cultivation location, maturity levels, and extraction solvents could affect the bioactive compounds and biological activities of mulberry (Morus alba Linnaeus). The lack of study on Malaysiagrown mulberry causes its underutilization. This study investigated the bioactive compound content and the antioxidant activity of Sabah-grown mulberry at two different maturity stages (fruits: red mature and black fully ripe; leaves: young and mature) extracted using 70% (v/v) methanol, 60% (v/v) ethanol, and 65% (v/v) acetone. Analyses showed that mulberry fruits demonstrated maturitydependent increment (except UHPLC-DAD quantification), while the leaves revealed maturitydependent reduction. Principal component analysis (PCA) displayed 65% (v/v) acetone black fully ripe fruits as the best phenolics and antioxidant sources. However, the 60% (v/v) ethanol black fully ripe fruits contained 20.08–68.43% higher total anthocyanins. Meanwhile, the 65% (v/v) acetone and 70% (v/v) methanol red mature fruits were higher in chlorogenic acid (27.53–47.12%) and rutin (31.42–35.92%) than other fruit extracts, respectively. For leaves, 65% (v/v) acetone young leaves were the best phenolics and antioxidant sources. However, the 60% (v/v) ethanol young leaves possessed greater chlorogenic acid (19.56–74.11%) than other leaf extracts. Overall, Malaysia-grown mulberry is rich in phenolics and antioxidants, suggesting its potential application in food and pharmaceutical products. MDPI 2022-04-08 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/97561/1/97561_The%20effect%20of%20maturity.pdf Chen, Centhyea and Mohd Mokhtar, Ruzaidi Azli and Abdullah Sani, Muhamad Shirwan and Mohd Noor, Nor Qhairul Izzreen (2022) The effect of maturity and extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of mulberry (Morus alba) fruits and leaves. Molecules, 27 (8). E-ISSN 1420-3049 https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/8/2406/htm 10.3390/molecules27082406
institution Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia
building IIUM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider International Islamic University Malaysia
content_source IIUM Repository (IREP)
url_provider http://irep.iium.edu.my/
language English
topic QD Chemistry
spellingShingle QD Chemistry
Chen, Centhyea
Mohd Mokhtar, Ruzaidi Azli
Abdullah Sani, Muhamad Shirwan
Mohd Noor, Nor Qhairul Izzreen
The effect of maturity and extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of mulberry (Morus alba) fruits and leaves
description Cultivation location, maturity levels, and extraction solvents could affect the bioactive compounds and biological activities of mulberry (Morus alba Linnaeus). The lack of study on Malaysiagrown mulberry causes its underutilization. This study investigated the bioactive compound content and the antioxidant activity of Sabah-grown mulberry at two different maturity stages (fruits: red mature and black fully ripe; leaves: young and mature) extracted using 70% (v/v) methanol, 60% (v/v) ethanol, and 65% (v/v) acetone. Analyses showed that mulberry fruits demonstrated maturitydependent increment (except UHPLC-DAD quantification), while the leaves revealed maturitydependent reduction. Principal component analysis (PCA) displayed 65% (v/v) acetone black fully ripe fruits as the best phenolics and antioxidant sources. However, the 60% (v/v) ethanol black fully ripe fruits contained 20.08–68.43% higher total anthocyanins. Meanwhile, the 65% (v/v) acetone and 70% (v/v) methanol red mature fruits were higher in chlorogenic acid (27.53–47.12%) and rutin (31.42–35.92%) than other fruit extracts, respectively. For leaves, 65% (v/v) acetone young leaves were the best phenolics and antioxidant sources. However, the 60% (v/v) ethanol young leaves possessed greater chlorogenic acid (19.56–74.11%) than other leaf extracts. Overall, Malaysia-grown mulberry is rich in phenolics and antioxidants, suggesting its potential application in food and pharmaceutical products.
format Article
author Chen, Centhyea
Mohd Mokhtar, Ruzaidi Azli
Abdullah Sani, Muhamad Shirwan
Mohd Noor, Nor Qhairul Izzreen
author_facet Chen, Centhyea
Mohd Mokhtar, Ruzaidi Azli
Abdullah Sani, Muhamad Shirwan
Mohd Noor, Nor Qhairul Izzreen
author_sort Chen, Centhyea
title The effect of maturity and extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of mulberry (Morus alba) fruits and leaves
title_short The effect of maturity and extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of mulberry (Morus alba) fruits and leaves
title_full The effect of maturity and extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of mulberry (Morus alba) fruits and leaves
title_fullStr The effect of maturity and extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of mulberry (Morus alba) fruits and leaves
title_full_unstemmed The effect of maturity and extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of mulberry (Morus alba) fruits and leaves
title_sort effect of maturity and extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of mulberry (morus alba) fruits and leaves
publisher MDPI
publishDate 2022
url http://irep.iium.edu.my/97561/1/97561_The%20effect%20of%20maturity.pdf
http://irep.iium.edu.my/97561/
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/8/2406/htm
_version_ 1731225375414943744
score 13.211869

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