Ten years of strong opioid analgesics consumption in Malaysia and other Southeast Asian countries
Background: It was reported that opioid consumption in developing countries was stagnated or decreased, but precise data on the consumption are unclear. This study examined the trends and patterns of opioid consumption in Malaysia and other four Southeast Asian countries. Materials and Methods: D...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/84118/1/zin_ten%20years.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/84118/ https://www.jpbsonline.org/text.asp?2020/12/6/846/299980 |
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| Summary: | Background: It was reported that opioid consumption in developing countries
was stagnated or decreased, but precise data on the consumption are unclear.
This study examined the trends and patterns of opioid consumption in Malaysia
and other four Southeast Asian countries. Materials and Methods: Data of
five strong opioids consumption (morphine, oxycodone, fentanyl, pethidine,
and methadone) between 2005 and 2014 from Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia,
Thailand, and Vietnam were extracted from the Pain and Policy Studies Group.
Defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DDD/1000 inhabitants/day)
was used for calculating the annual amount of opioid use. Results: The total
consumption of five strong opioids was increased in all five Southeast Asian
countries during a 10-year study period. Malaysia was recorded with the
largest increase of the opioid consumption (993.18%), followed by Indonesia
(530.34%), Vietnam (170.17%), Singapore (116.16%), and Thailand (104.66%).
Malaysia also had the highest total strong opioid consumption (11.2 DDD/1000
inhabitants/day), primarily for methadone. Among the opioids used for pain
management, fentanyl was primarily used in Malaysia and Singapore but the
greatest increase in these two countries was for oxycodone. Fentanyl was also
primarily used in Indonesia while morphine was predominantly used in Thailand
and Vietnam. Conclusion: Growing trends of strong opioids consumption in all
five Southeast Asian countries demonstrated in this study may indicate improved
access to opioid analgesics in these countries. Given the increasing trends, it is
important to ensure that the utilization of opioids is according to the guideline to
prevent the negative consequences of opioids particularly when used in chronic
non-cancer pain. |
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