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High porosity cellulose nanopapers as reinforcement in multi-layer epoxy laminates

Utilizing high-performance cellulose nanopapers as 2D-reinforcement for polymers allows for realizing high-loading-fraction (80 vol-%), high-performance (strength > 150 MPa, modulus > 10 GPa) laminated nanopaper reinforced epoxy composites. Such cellulose nanopapers are inherently dense, which...

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Main Authors:	Mautner, Andreas, Wan Nawawi, Wan Mohd Fazli, Koon-Yang, Lee, Bismarck, Alexander
Format:	Article
Language:	English English English
Published:	Elsevier Ltd 2020
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology TP248.13 Biotechnology
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/82235/1/82235_High%20porosity%20cellulose%20nanopapers.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/82235/2/82235_High%20porosity%20cellulose%20nanopapers_SCOPUS.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/82235/3/82235_High%20porosity%20cellulose%20nanopapers_WOS.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/82235/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1359835X20300178
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spelling	my.iium.irep.822352020-08-17T08:12:53Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/82235/ High porosity cellulose nanopapers as reinforcement in multi-layer epoxy laminates Mautner, Andreas Wan Nawawi, Wan Mohd Fazli Koon-Yang, Lee Bismarck, Alexander TP Chemical technology TP248.13 Biotechnology Utilizing high-performance cellulose nanopapers as 2D-reinforcement for polymers allows for realizing high-loading-fraction (80 vol-%), high-performance (strength > 150 MPa, modulus > 10 GPa) laminated nanopaper reinforced epoxy composites. Such cellulose nanopapers are inherently dense, which renders them difficult to be impregnated with the epoxy-resin. High-porosity nanopapers facilitate better resin impregnation, truly utilizing the properties of single cellulose nanofibres instead of the nanofibre network. We report the use of high-porosity (74%) but low strength and modulus bacterial cellulose (BC) nanopapers, prepared from BC-in-ethanol dispersion, as reinforcement for epoxy-resin. High-porosity nanopapers allowed for full impregnation of the BC-nanopapers with epoxy-resin. The resulting BC-reinforced epoxy-laminates possessed high tensile modulus (9 GPa) and strength (100 MPa) at a BC loading of 30 vol-%, resulting from very low void-fraction (3 vol-%) of these papregs compared to conventional nanopaper-laminates (10+ vol.-%). Better resin impregnation of less dense nanocellulose networks allowed for maximum utilization of stiffness/strength of cellulose nanofibrils. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd Elsevier Ltd 2020-04 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/82235/1/82235_High%20porosity%20cellulose%20nanopapers.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/82235/2/82235_High%20porosity%20cellulose%20nanopapers_SCOPUS.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/82235/3/82235_High%20porosity%20cellulose%20nanopapers_WOS.pdf Mautner, Andreas and Wan Nawawi, Wan Mohd Fazli and Koon-Yang, Lee and Bismarck, Alexander (2020) High porosity cellulose nanopapers as reinforcement in multi-layer epoxy laminates. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 131. pp. 1-9. ISSN 1359-835X E-ISSN 1878-5840 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1359835X20300178 10.1016/j.compositesa.2020.105779
institution	Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia
building	IIUM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	International Islamic University Malaysia
content_source	IIUM Repository (IREP)
url_provider	http://irep.iium.edu.my/
language	English English English
topic	TP Chemical technology TP248.13 Biotechnology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology TP248.13 Biotechnology Mautner, Andreas Wan Nawawi, Wan Mohd Fazli Koon-Yang, Lee Bismarck, Alexander High porosity cellulose nanopapers as reinforcement in multi-layer epoxy laminates
description	Utilizing high-performance cellulose nanopapers as 2D-reinforcement for polymers allows for realizing high-loading-fraction (80 vol-%), high-performance (strength > 150 MPa, modulus > 10 GPa) laminated nanopaper reinforced epoxy composites. Such cellulose nanopapers are inherently dense, which renders them difficult to be impregnated with the epoxy-resin. High-porosity nanopapers facilitate better resin impregnation, truly utilizing the properties of single cellulose nanofibres instead of the nanofibre network. We report the use of high-porosity (74%) but low strength and modulus bacterial cellulose (BC) nanopapers, prepared from BC-in-ethanol dispersion, as reinforcement for epoxy-resin. High-porosity nanopapers allowed for full impregnation of the BC-nanopapers with epoxy-resin. The resulting BC-reinforced epoxy-laminates possessed high tensile modulus (9 GPa) and strength (100 MPa) at a BC loading of 30 vol-%, resulting from very low void-fraction (3 vol-%) of these papregs compared to conventional nanopaper-laminates (10+ vol.-%). Better resin impregnation of less dense nanocellulose networks allowed for maximum utilization of stiffness/strength of cellulose nanofibrils. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
format	Article
author	Mautner, Andreas Wan Nawawi, Wan Mohd Fazli Koon-Yang, Lee Bismarck, Alexander
author_facet	Mautner, Andreas Wan Nawawi, Wan Mohd Fazli Koon-Yang, Lee Bismarck, Alexander
author_sort	Mautner, Andreas
title	High porosity cellulose nanopapers as reinforcement in multi-layer epoxy laminates
title_short	High porosity cellulose nanopapers as reinforcement in multi-layer epoxy laminates
title_full	High porosity cellulose nanopapers as reinforcement in multi-layer epoxy laminates
title_fullStr	High porosity cellulose nanopapers as reinforcement in multi-layer epoxy laminates
title_full_unstemmed	High porosity cellulose nanopapers as reinforcement in multi-layer epoxy laminates
title_sort	high porosity cellulose nanopapers as reinforcement in multi-layer epoxy laminates
publisher	Elsevier Ltd
publishDate	2020
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/82235/1/82235_High%20porosity%20cellulose%20nanopapers.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/82235/2/82235_High%20porosity%20cellulose%20nanopapers_SCOPUS.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/82235/3/82235_High%20porosity%20cellulose%20nanopapers_WOS.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/82235/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1359835X20300178
_version_	1675327185670373376
score	13.211869

High porosity cellulose nanopapers as reinforcement in multi-layer epoxy laminates

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