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E. coli in tropical urban rivers : a case study of the Sungai Gombak basin

The primary study area is Sg. Gombak, a river that flows through the mostly urbanized state of Selangor and transcends the capital of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. The study aims to characterize E. coli, organics and nutrients on the main stem of the river and its tributaries of Sg. Batu and Sg. Kerayong....

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Main Authors:	Zainudin, Zaki, Rahman, Norazah, Jamal, Parveen, Al-Khatib, Ma'an Fahmi Rashid
Format:	Proceeding Paper
Language:	English English
Published:	2014
Subjects:	TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD172 Environmental pollution TD511 Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/40038/1/Presentation_%2335_Zaki_Zainudin_full_paper.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/40038/4/13th_IWA_SPECIALIST_20114.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/40038/ http://www.iwahq.org/1zh/events/iwa-events/2014/watershed-river-basin-2014.html
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spelling	my.iium.irep.400382024-05-06T07:13:56Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/40038/ E. coli in tropical urban rivers : a case study of the Sungai Gombak basin Zainudin, Zaki Rahman, Norazah Jamal, Parveen Al-Khatib, Ma'an Fahmi Rashid TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD172 Environmental pollution TD511 Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage The primary study area is Sg. Gombak, a river that flows through the mostly urbanized state of Selangor and transcends the capital of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. The study aims to characterize E. coli, organics and nutrients on the main stem of the river and its tributaries of Sg. Batu and Sg. Kerayong. There were 28 identified spatial sampling stations throughout the basin. The results on the upper reaches of Sg. Gombak showed E. coli levels ranged between 100 – 400 cfu/100mL. The levels increased and remained between 11,000 cfu/100mL to 18,000 cfu/100 mL downstream upon receiving sewage effluent and other pollution sources. This was comparable to Sg. Batu. Conditions were even worse in Sg. Kerayong as E. coli levels were in excess of 140,000 cfu/100 mL. Ambient temperature increase in excess of 30°C with a ∆T rise of 3 to 4°C appeared to result in some decrement of E. coli; at 0.08/°C for Sg. Gombak and 0.20/°C for Sg. Batu, albeit this only occurred at single spatial points in both rivers. Variation in BOD5, NH3-N and NO3-N did not appear to significantly influence bacterial count in the basin. The study results also showed for the water to be deemed suitable for skin contact, a removal efficiency of at least 92% has to be achieved, which in turn, translated to a die-off period of at least two hours. 2014-09-09 Proceeding Paper NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/40038/1/Presentation_%2335_Zaki_Zainudin_full_paper.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/40038/4/13th_IWA_SPECIALIST_20114.pdf Zainudin, Zaki and Rahman, Norazah and Jamal, Parveen and Al-Khatib, Ma'an Fahmi Rashid (2014) E. coli in tropical urban rivers : a case study of the Sungai Gombak basin. In: 13th IWA Specialist Conference on Water and River Basin Management, 9th-12th September 2014, San Francisco, USA. http://www.iwahq.org/1zh/events/iwa-events/2014/watershed-river-basin-2014.html
institution	Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia
building	IIUM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	International Islamic University Malaysia
content_source	IIUM Repository (IREP)
url_provider	http://irep.iium.edu.my/
language	English English
topic	TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD172 Environmental pollution TD511 Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage
spellingShingle	TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD172 Environmental pollution TD511 Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage Zainudin, Zaki Rahman, Norazah Jamal, Parveen Al-Khatib, Ma'an Fahmi Rashid E. coli in tropical urban rivers : a case study of the Sungai Gombak basin
description	The primary study area is Sg. Gombak, a river that flows through the mostly urbanized state of Selangor and transcends the capital of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. The study aims to characterize E. coli, organics and nutrients on the main stem of the river and its tributaries of Sg. Batu and Sg. Kerayong. There were 28 identified spatial sampling stations throughout the basin. The results on the upper reaches of Sg. Gombak showed E. coli levels ranged between 100 – 400 cfu/100mL. The levels increased and remained between 11,000 cfu/100mL to 18,000 cfu/100 mL downstream upon receiving sewage effluent and other pollution sources. This was comparable to Sg. Batu. Conditions were even worse in Sg. Kerayong as E. coli levels were in excess of 140,000 cfu/100 mL. Ambient temperature increase in excess of 30°C with a ∆T rise of 3 to 4°C appeared to result in some decrement of E. coli; at 0.08/°C for Sg. Gombak and 0.20/°C for Sg. Batu, albeit this only occurred at single spatial points in both rivers. Variation in BOD5, NH3-N and NO3-N did not appear to significantly influence bacterial count in the basin. The study results also showed for the water to be deemed suitable for skin contact, a removal efficiency of at least 92% has to be achieved, which in turn, translated to a die-off period of at least two hours.
format	Proceeding Paper
author	Zainudin, Zaki Rahman, Norazah Jamal, Parveen Al-Khatib, Ma'an Fahmi Rashid
author_facet	Zainudin, Zaki Rahman, Norazah Jamal, Parveen Al-Khatib, Ma'an Fahmi Rashid
author_sort	Zainudin, Zaki
title	E. coli in tropical urban rivers : a case study of the Sungai Gombak basin
title_short	E. coli in tropical urban rivers : a case study of the Sungai Gombak basin
title_full	E. coli in tropical urban rivers : a case study of the Sungai Gombak basin
title_fullStr	E. coli in tropical urban rivers : a case study of the Sungai Gombak basin
title_full_unstemmed	E. coli in tropical urban rivers : a case study of the Sungai Gombak basin
title_sort	e. coli in tropical urban rivers : a case study of the sungai gombak basin
publishDate	2014
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/40038/1/Presentation_%2335_Zaki_Zainudin_full_paper.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/40038/4/13th_IWA_SPECIALIST_20114.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/40038/ http://www.iwahq.org/1zh/events/iwa-events/2014/watershed-river-basin-2014.html
_version_	1800081737321021440
score	13.211869

E. coli in tropical urban rivers : a case study of the Sungai Gombak basin

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