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Oil palm fronds activated carbon via microwave-assisted H3PO4 activation: Box-Behnken optimization for crystal violet dye removal

The extensive use of crystal violet (CV) dyes may cause water pollution. A highly porous and functionalized activated carbon can be used for adsorption of CV dyes. Activated carbon was prepared from oil palm fronds through microwave-assisted pyrolysis and activation with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) for...

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Main Authors: Shamsudin, Nur Atirah, Omar, Qistina, Ismail, Ismaniza, Hassan, Noor Artika, Abd Rahim, Syarifah, Dzulkafli, Nur Fazreen, Wu, Ruihong, Yong, Soon Kong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Al-Ayen Iraqi University 2024
Subjects:
Q Science (General)
Online Access:http://irep.iium.edu.my/117041/7/117041_Oil%20palm%20fronds%20activated%20carbon%20via%20microwave.pdf
http://irep.iium.edu.my/117041/
https://acbs.alayen.edu.iq/journal/vol1/iss1/9/
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spelling my.iium.irep.1170412024-12-24T02:50:47Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/117041/ Oil palm fronds activated carbon via microwave-assisted H3PO4 activation: Box-Behnken optimization for crystal violet dye removal Shamsudin, Nur Atirah Omar, Qistina Ismail, Ismaniza Hassan, Noor Artika Abd Rahim, Syarifah Dzulkafli, Nur Fazreen Wu, Ruihong Yong, Soon Kong Q Science (General) The extensive use of crystal violet (CV) dyes may cause water pollution. A highly porous and functionalized activated carbon can be used for adsorption of CV dyes. Activated carbon was prepared from oil palm fronds through microwave-assisted pyrolysis and activation with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) for removal of CV dye from wastewater. The physico-chemical characteristics of oil palm fronds activated carbon (OPFAC) was employed by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, Scanning Electron Methodology-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and point of zero charges (pHpzc). The adsorption parameters such as pH (4, 7, and 10), dosage (0.02, 0.06, and 0.1 g), and contact time between absorbent and adsorbate (2, 5, and 8 mins) were optimized using the response surface methodology-Box-Behnken design (RSM-BBD). The experimental results showed that the optimum conditions for the removal of CV dye by OPFAC were 0.1 g dosage, pH 9, contact time of 5 min with the percentage removal of CV dye is 91.4%. The adsorption capacity of OPFAC for CV dye was well fitted by the pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) from Langmuir isotherm was 188.4 mg/g. The isotherm study is well described by Freundlich model with coefficient of correlation (R2 = 0.9488) describe that the CV dye adsorption occurred multilayer adsorption onto heterogenous adsorption site. The thermodynamics study indicated that the adsorption process of OPFAC is through spontaneous and endothermic condition as the values of 1H◦ (21.86 KJ/mol) and 1S◦ value (87.90 J/mol K) is positive. Al-Ayen Iraqi University 2024-08-02 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/117041/7/117041_Oil%20palm%20fronds%20activated%20carbon%20via%20microwave.pdf Shamsudin, Nur Atirah and Omar, Qistina and Ismail, Ismaniza and Hassan, Noor Artika and Abd Rahim, Syarifah and Dzulkafli, Nur Fazreen and Wu, Ruihong and Yong, Soon Kong (2024) Oil palm fronds activated carbon via microwave-assisted H3PO4 activation: Box-Behnken optimization for crystal violet dye removal. AUIQ COMPLEMENTARY BIOLOGICAL SYSTEM, 1 (1). pp. 77-88. ISSN 3007-973X https://acbs.alayen.edu.iq/journal/vol1/iss1/9/ 10.70176/3007-973X.1008
institution Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia
building IIUM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider International Islamic University Malaysia
content_source IIUM Repository (IREP)
url_provider http://irep.iium.edu.my/
language English
topic Q Science (General)
spellingShingle Q Science (General)
Shamsudin, Nur Atirah
Omar, Qistina
Ismail, Ismaniza
Hassan, Noor Artika
Abd Rahim, Syarifah
Dzulkafli, Nur Fazreen
Wu, Ruihong
Yong, Soon Kong
Oil palm fronds activated carbon via microwave-assisted H3PO4 activation: Box-Behnken optimization for crystal violet dye removal
description The extensive use of crystal violet (CV) dyes may cause water pollution. A highly porous and functionalized activated carbon can be used for adsorption of CV dyes. Activated carbon was prepared from oil palm fronds through microwave-assisted pyrolysis and activation with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) for removal of CV dye from wastewater. The physico-chemical characteristics of oil palm fronds activated carbon (OPFAC) was employed by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, Scanning Electron Methodology-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and point of zero charges (pHpzc). The adsorption parameters such as pH (4, 7, and 10), dosage (0.02, 0.06, and 0.1 g), and contact time between absorbent and adsorbate (2, 5, and 8 mins) were optimized using the response surface methodology-Box-Behnken design (RSM-BBD). The experimental results showed that the optimum conditions for the removal of CV dye by OPFAC were 0.1 g dosage, pH 9, contact time of 5 min with the percentage removal of CV dye is 91.4%. The adsorption capacity of OPFAC for CV dye was well fitted by the pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) from Langmuir isotherm was 188.4 mg/g. The isotherm study is well described by Freundlich model with coefficient of correlation (R2 = 0.9488) describe that the CV dye adsorption occurred multilayer adsorption onto heterogenous adsorption site. The thermodynamics study indicated that the adsorption process of OPFAC is through spontaneous and endothermic condition as the values of 1H◦ (21.86 KJ/mol) and 1S◦ value (87.90 J/mol K) is positive.
format Article
author Shamsudin, Nur Atirah
Omar, Qistina
Ismail, Ismaniza
Hassan, Noor Artika
Abd Rahim, Syarifah
Dzulkafli, Nur Fazreen
Wu, Ruihong
Yong, Soon Kong
author_facet Shamsudin, Nur Atirah
Omar, Qistina
Ismail, Ismaniza
Hassan, Noor Artika
Abd Rahim, Syarifah
Dzulkafli, Nur Fazreen
Wu, Ruihong
Yong, Soon Kong
author_sort Shamsudin, Nur Atirah
title Oil palm fronds activated carbon via microwave-assisted H3PO4 activation: Box-Behnken optimization for crystal violet dye removal
title_short Oil palm fronds activated carbon via microwave-assisted H3PO4 activation: Box-Behnken optimization for crystal violet dye removal
title_full Oil palm fronds activated carbon via microwave-assisted H3PO4 activation: Box-Behnken optimization for crystal violet dye removal
title_fullStr Oil palm fronds activated carbon via microwave-assisted H3PO4 activation: Box-Behnken optimization for crystal violet dye removal
title_full_unstemmed Oil palm fronds activated carbon via microwave-assisted H3PO4 activation: Box-Behnken optimization for crystal violet dye removal
title_sort oil palm fronds activated carbon via microwave-assisted h3po4 activation: box-behnken optimization for crystal violet dye removal
publisher Al-Ayen Iraqi University
publishDate 2024
url http://irep.iium.edu.my/117041/7/117041_Oil%20palm%20fronds%20activated%20carbon%20via%20microwave.pdf
http://irep.iium.edu.my/117041/
https://acbs.alayen.edu.iq/journal/vol1/iss1/9/
_version_ 1819909416335441920
score 13.244413

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