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Manganese biological functions and neurological impacts: a narrated review

Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace mineral critical to a variety of biological processes, including metabolism, antioxidant defense, and enzyme activity. It serves as a cofactor in key metabolic pathways, such as carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, and plays a pivotal role in the function of e...

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Main Authors: Mohamad Rafai, Nureen Nabila, Mohd Shamsul Arif, Nur Dayana Sofia, Wan Ahmad Sayuti, Wan Nur Iwani, Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IIUM Press, International Islamic University Malaysia 2024
Subjects:
RM216 Diet Therapy. Clinical Nutrition
TX341 Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Online Access:http://irep.iium.edu.my/113244/3/113244_Manganese%20biological%20functions%20and%20neurological%20impacts.pdf
http://irep.iium.edu.my/113244/
https://journals.iium.edu.my/ijahs/index.php/IJAHS/article/view/936
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spelling my.iium.irep.1132442024-12-30T01:55:47Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/113244/ Manganese biological functions and neurological impacts: a narrated review Mohamad Rafai, Nureen Nabila Mohd Shamsul Arif, Nur Dayana Sofia Wan Ahmad Sayuti, Wan Nur Iwani Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan RM216 Diet Therapy. Clinical Nutrition TX341 Nutrition. Foods and food supply Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace mineral critical to a variety of biological processes, including metabolism, antioxidant defense, and enzyme activity. It serves as a cofactor in key metabolic pathways, such as carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, and plays a pivotal role in the function of enzymes like manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which protects against oxidative stress by neutralizing free radicals. Additionally, Mn is essential for bone formation, wound healing, and maintaining a healthy immune response by interacting with other transition metals. Despite its vital roles, Mn poses significant health risks when consumed in excess, particularly to neurological health. Excessive Mn exposure, whether from occupational settings like mining and welding or non-occupational sources such as contaminated food and water, can lead to manganism—chronic Mn toxicity. This condition is associated with severe neurological impairments, including motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and behavioral abnormalities that mimic the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Mn accumulation in the basal ganglia results in oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which are believed to drive these effects. Children are especially vulnerable to Mn intoxication, with elevated levels linked to poor academic performance, memory difficulties, behavioral problems resembling ADHD, and lower IQ. These cognitive and emotional challenges can significantly impair development and long-term mental health. Given the widespread distribution of Mn, both naturally and industrially, it is essential to establish regulatory measures that limit exposure. Understanding individual variability in Mn metabolism and sensitivity is crucial for developing occupational safety guidelines and public health policies. Mn’s multifaceted role in human health underscores the need for balanced consumption to maintain its beneficial effects while minimizing potential toxicity. Comprehensive strategies are necessary to safeguard public health and ensure the well-being of future generations. IIUM Press, International Islamic University Malaysia 2024-12-27 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/113244/3/113244_Manganese%20biological%20functions%20and%20neurological%20impacts.pdf Mohamad Rafai, Nureen Nabila and Mohd Shamsul Arif, Nur Dayana Sofia and Wan Ahmad Sayuti, Wan Nur Iwani and Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan (2024) Manganese biological functions and neurological impacts: a narrated review. International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 8 (5). pp. 411-416. E-ISSN 2600-8491 https://journals.iium.edu.my/ijahs/index.php/IJAHS/article/view/936
institution Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia
building IIUM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider International Islamic University Malaysia
content_source IIUM Repository (IREP)
url_provider http://irep.iium.edu.my/
language English
topic RM216 Diet Therapy. Clinical Nutrition
TX341 Nutrition. Foods and food supply
spellingShingle RM216 Diet Therapy. Clinical Nutrition
TX341 Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Mohamad Rafai, Nureen Nabila
Mohd Shamsul Arif, Nur Dayana Sofia
Wan Ahmad Sayuti, Wan Nur Iwani
Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan
Manganese biological functions and neurological impacts: a narrated review
description Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace mineral critical to a variety of biological processes, including metabolism, antioxidant defense, and enzyme activity. It serves as a cofactor in key metabolic pathways, such as carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, and plays a pivotal role in the function of enzymes like manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which protects against oxidative stress by neutralizing free radicals. Additionally, Mn is essential for bone formation, wound healing, and maintaining a healthy immune response by interacting with other transition metals. Despite its vital roles, Mn poses significant health risks when consumed in excess, particularly to neurological health. Excessive Mn exposure, whether from occupational settings like mining and welding or non-occupational sources such as contaminated food and water, can lead to manganism—chronic Mn toxicity. This condition is associated with severe neurological impairments, including motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and behavioral abnormalities that mimic the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Mn accumulation in the basal ganglia results in oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which are believed to drive these effects. Children are especially vulnerable to Mn intoxication, with elevated levels linked to poor academic performance, memory difficulties, behavioral problems resembling ADHD, and lower IQ. These cognitive and emotional challenges can significantly impair development and long-term mental health. Given the widespread distribution of Mn, both naturally and industrially, it is essential to establish regulatory measures that limit exposure. Understanding individual variability in Mn metabolism and sensitivity is crucial for developing occupational safety guidelines and public health policies. Mn’s multifaceted role in human health underscores the need for balanced consumption to maintain its beneficial effects while minimizing potential toxicity. Comprehensive strategies are necessary to safeguard public health and ensure the well-being of future generations.
format Article
author Mohamad Rafai, Nureen Nabila
Mohd Shamsul Arif, Nur Dayana Sofia
Wan Ahmad Sayuti, Wan Nur Iwani
Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan
author_facet Mohamad Rafai, Nureen Nabila
Mohd Shamsul Arif, Nur Dayana Sofia
Wan Ahmad Sayuti, Wan Nur Iwani
Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan
author_sort Mohamad Rafai, Nureen Nabila
title Manganese biological functions and neurological impacts: a narrated review
title_short Manganese biological functions and neurological impacts: a narrated review
title_full Manganese biological functions and neurological impacts: a narrated review
title_fullStr Manganese biological functions and neurological impacts: a narrated review
title_full_unstemmed Manganese biological functions and neurological impacts: a narrated review
title_sort manganese biological functions and neurological impacts: a narrated review
publisher IIUM Press, International Islamic University Malaysia
publishDate 2024
url http://irep.iium.edu.my/113244/3/113244_Manganese%20biological%20functions%20and%20neurological%20impacts.pdf
http://irep.iium.edu.my/113244/
https://journals.iium.edu.my/ijahs/index.php/IJAHS/article/view/936
_version_ 1819909397914058752
score 13.226497

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