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Inherently Safer Design for Hazardous Waste Contaminated in Industrial drains

Study of fire and explosion is very important mainly in refineries and industries due to several accidents which have been reported in the past and present. This study investigates the possibility of the occurrence of fire accident occasioned by the vaporization of hydrocarbon components derived...

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Main Author: Nur Fatihah Binti Ahamad@Ahmad, Nur Fatihah
Format: Final Year Project
Published: Universiti Teknologi Petronas 2011
Subjects:
TP Chemical technology
Online Access:http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/470/
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spelling my-utp-utpedia.4702017-01-19T15:45:27Z http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/470/ Inherently Safer Design for Hazardous Waste Contaminated in Industrial drains Nur Fatihah Binti Ahamad@Ahmad, Nur Fatihah TP Chemical technology Study of fire and explosion is very important mainly in refineries and industries due to several accidents which have been reported in the past and present. This study investigates the possibility of the occurrence of fire accident occasioned by the vaporization of hydrocarbon components derived from refinery wastewater drainage systems. In this study, liquid sample containing mixtures of hydrocarbon products and water were collected from a refinery’s drainage systems and subjected to a distillation process to separate the oil and water contents. The oil-liquid phase was analysed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to examine the compositions of the sample. A total of 77 hydrocarbon compounds ranging from C9 to C22 were detected. Mole fractions of components in the liquid phase were obtained from the GC analysis while the mole fractions of the components in gas phase were calculated via modified Raoult’s law. In this study, the gas mixture is considered as a real solution. The activity coefficients were calculated using UNIversal Functional Activity Coefficient (UNIFAC) method; while the fugacity coefficients were obtained by using Peng-Robinson method, which is implemented in ThermoSolver Software. Lower Flammability Limits (LFLs) and Upper Flammability Limits (UFLs) for individual components were calculated using stoichiometric concentration method while the LFL and UFL values for mixture (LFLmix and UFLmix) were calculated in using Le Chatelier equation. The LFLmix and UFLmix values were used to construct the flammability diagram and subsequently used to determine the flammability of the mixture. In this study, the LFLmix for the mixture is calculated at 0.74vol% and 4.71vol% for UFLmix. Meanwhile, the Limiting Oxygen Concentration (LOC) for the mixture is 11.43vol%. Universiti Teknologi Petronas 2011-05 Final Year Project NonPeerReviewed Nur Fatihah Binti Ahamad@Ahmad, Nur Fatihah (2011) Inherently Safer Design for Hazardous Waste Contaminated in Industrial drains. Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Sri Iskandar,Tronoh,Perak. (Unpublished)
institution Universiti Teknologi Petronas
building UTP Resource Centre
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Petronas
content_source UTP Electronic and Digitized Intellectual Asset
url_provider http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/
topic TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle TP Chemical technology
Nur Fatihah Binti Ahamad@Ahmad, Nur Fatihah
Inherently Safer Design for Hazardous Waste Contaminated in Industrial drains
description Study of fire and explosion is very important mainly in refineries and industries due to several accidents which have been reported in the past and present. This study investigates the possibility of the occurrence of fire accident occasioned by the vaporization of hydrocarbon components derived from refinery wastewater drainage systems. In this study, liquid sample containing mixtures of hydrocarbon products and water were collected from a refinery’s drainage systems and subjected to a distillation process to separate the oil and water contents. The oil-liquid phase was analysed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to examine the compositions of the sample. A total of 77 hydrocarbon compounds ranging from C9 to C22 were detected. Mole fractions of components in the liquid phase were obtained from the GC analysis while the mole fractions of the components in gas phase were calculated via modified Raoult’s law. In this study, the gas mixture is considered as a real solution. The activity coefficients were calculated using UNIversal Functional Activity Coefficient (UNIFAC) method; while the fugacity coefficients were obtained by using Peng-Robinson method, which is implemented in ThermoSolver Software. Lower Flammability Limits (LFLs) and Upper Flammability Limits (UFLs) for individual components were calculated using stoichiometric concentration method while the LFL and UFL values for mixture (LFLmix and UFLmix) were calculated in using Le Chatelier equation. The LFLmix and UFLmix values were used to construct the flammability diagram and subsequently used to determine the flammability of the mixture. In this study, the LFLmix for the mixture is calculated at 0.74vol% and 4.71vol% for UFLmix. Meanwhile, the Limiting Oxygen Concentration (LOC) for the mixture is 11.43vol%.
format Final Year Project
author Nur Fatihah Binti Ahamad@Ahmad, Nur Fatihah
author_facet Nur Fatihah Binti Ahamad@Ahmad, Nur Fatihah
author_sort Nur Fatihah Binti Ahamad@Ahmad, Nur Fatihah
title Inherently Safer Design for Hazardous Waste Contaminated in Industrial drains
title_short Inherently Safer Design for Hazardous Waste Contaminated in Industrial drains
title_full Inherently Safer Design for Hazardous Waste Contaminated in Industrial drains
title_fullStr Inherently Safer Design for Hazardous Waste Contaminated in Industrial drains
title_full_unstemmed Inherently Safer Design for Hazardous Waste Contaminated in Industrial drains
title_sort inherently safer design for hazardous waste contaminated in industrial drains
publisher Universiti Teknologi Petronas
publishDate 2011
url http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/470/
_version_ 1739830663043874816
score 13.211869

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