Staff View: Optimisation of energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions of nickel in electric vehicle (EV) batteries

Optimisation of energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions of nickel in electric vehicle (EV) batteries

The sales of electric vehicles have skyrocketed in recent years due to the high demand as gas prices spike coupled with regulations set by the governments around the world. At the heart of the electric vehicle is the lithium-ion battery where the vehicle draws its source of energy for propulsion. De...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	See, Choon Ming
Format:	Final Year Project / Dissertation / Thesis
Published:	2022
Subjects:	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Online Access:	http://eprints.utar.edu.my/5335/1/1701392_FYP_Report_%2D_CHOON_MING_SEE.pdf http://eprints.utar.edu.my/5335/
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-utar-eprints.5335
record_format	eprints
spelling	my-utar-eprints.53352023-06-13T08:15:09Z Optimisation of energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions of nickel in electric vehicle (EV) batteries See, Choon Ming TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery The sales of electric vehicles have skyrocketed in recent years due to the high demand as gas prices spike coupled with regulations set by the governments around the world. At the heart of the electric vehicle is the lithium-ion battery where the vehicle draws its source of energy for propulsion. Despite its sustainability compared to conventional fossil fuels, the manufacturing process of the battery is always a concern as the processes consume a lot of energy and emit high amounts of greenhouse gases as well. This work analyses the main source of energy consumption and emissions in the manufacturing step by way of Life Cycle Assessment study. Optimisation pathways are subsequently proposed to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Several models were built and compared based on battery type, country grid, and source of nickel ore. After model was built and analysed, it was found that drying process, N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent drying process, dry room operation and nickel use are the root cause to high emissions and energy consumption. Hence, alternatives were proposed to improve the situation such as the Tesla heat pump for NMP recovery, Cotes dry room technology, replacement of complete renewable energy source, and dry cathode to replace wet slurry cathode. Optimization using Tesla heat pump with our model showed a lower percentage reduction of 2.82 % for GWP and 1.68 % for PED, followed by Cotes’ dry room technology reducing GWP by 9.27 % and PED by 3.48 % compared to the conventional desiccant dry room system. Next, dry cathode improved the cell production by reducing the GWP by 25.29 % and PED by 10.62 %. The conversion of non-renewable energy natural gas to solar panel renewable energy as energy source can reduce up to 227.67 % of GWP and 109.60 % of PED. Our models also show that impact to the environment can be reduced by replacing non-renewable energy with renewable energy as the energy source and using dry cathode technology as alternative technology to replace wet slurry cathode. 2022 Final Year Project / Dissertation / Thesis NonPeerReviewed application/pdf http://eprints.utar.edu.my/5335/1/1701392_FYP_Report_%2D_CHOON_MING_SEE.pdf See, Choon Ming (2022) Optimisation of energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions of nickel in electric vehicle (EV) batteries. Final Year Project, UTAR. http://eprints.utar.edu.my/5335/
institution	Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
building	UTAR Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
content_source	UTAR Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.utar.edu.my
topic	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
spellingShingle	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery See, Choon Ming Optimisation of energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions of nickel in electric vehicle (EV) batteries
description	The sales of electric vehicles have skyrocketed in recent years due to the high demand as gas prices spike coupled with regulations set by the governments around the world. At the heart of the electric vehicle is the lithium-ion battery where the vehicle draws its source of energy for propulsion. Despite its sustainability compared to conventional fossil fuels, the manufacturing process of the battery is always a concern as the processes consume a lot of energy and emit high amounts of greenhouse gases as well. This work analyses the main source of energy consumption and emissions in the manufacturing step by way of Life Cycle Assessment study. Optimisation pathways are subsequently proposed to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Several models were built and compared based on battery type, country grid, and source of nickel ore. After model was built and analysed, it was found that drying process, N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent drying process, dry room operation and nickel use are the root cause to high emissions and energy consumption. Hence, alternatives were proposed to improve the situation such as the Tesla heat pump for NMP recovery, Cotes dry room technology, replacement of complete renewable energy source, and dry cathode to replace wet slurry cathode. Optimization using Tesla heat pump with our model showed a lower percentage reduction of 2.82 % for GWP and 1.68 % for PED, followed by Cotes’ dry room technology reducing GWP by 9.27 % and PED by 3.48 % compared to the conventional desiccant dry room system. Next, dry cathode improved the cell production by reducing the GWP by 25.29 % and PED by 10.62 %. The conversion of non-renewable energy natural gas to solar panel renewable energy as energy source can reduce up to 227.67 % of GWP and 109.60 % of PED. Our models also show that impact to the environment can be reduced by replacing non-renewable energy with renewable energy as the energy source and using dry cathode technology as alternative technology to replace wet slurry cathode.
format	Final Year Project / Dissertation / Thesis
author	See, Choon Ming
author_facet	See, Choon Ming
author_sort	See, Choon Ming
title	Optimisation of energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions of nickel in electric vehicle (EV) batteries
title_short	Optimisation of energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions of nickel in electric vehicle (EV) batteries
title_full	Optimisation of energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions of nickel in electric vehicle (EV) batteries
title_fullStr	Optimisation of energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions of nickel in electric vehicle (EV) batteries
title_full_unstemmed	Optimisation of energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions of nickel in electric vehicle (EV) batteries
title_sort	optimisation of energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions of nickel in electric vehicle (ev) batteries
publishDate	2022
url	http://eprints.utar.edu.my/5335/1/1701392_FYP_Report_%2D_CHOON_MING_SEE.pdf http://eprints.utar.edu.my/5335/
_version_	1769848142379876352
score	13.211869

Optimisation of energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions of nickel in electric vehicle (EV) batteries

Similar Items