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Antifungal properties of Malaysian tualang honey and stingless bee propolis against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans

Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans can cause life-threatening infections, especially in immunecompromised patients. Treatment with currently available antifungal agents may lead to severe side-effects and emergence of resistant strains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antif...

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Main Authors: Salwani, Ismail, Mainul, Haque, Mohd Adzim Khalili, Rohin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Open Science Publishers LLP Inc. 2016
Subjects:
R Medicine (General)
Online Access:http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/7201/1/FH02-FP-16-05539.jpg
http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/7201/
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spelling my-unisza-ir.72012022-09-13T04:28:23Z http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/7201/ Antifungal properties of Malaysian tualang honey and stingless bee propolis against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans Salwani, Ismail Mainul, Haque Mohd Adzim Khalili, Rohin R Medicine (General) Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans can cause life-threatening infections, especially in immunecompromised patients. Treatment with currently available antifungal agents may lead to severe side-effects and emergence of resistant strains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antifungal properties of MTH and SBP against C. albicans and C. neoformans. Broth dilution method was used to assess the antifungal properties of the MTH and propolis. Different concentrations of the MTH and propolis (0.78 mg/mL – 50.00 mg/mL) in two-fold dilutions were tested against each fungus to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) which was done by visual inspection and spectrophotometric (MIC95) reading at 620 nm. Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) was obtained by culturing on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Total phenolic acids and flavonoids contents were also determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and colorimetric assay respectively. The MICs of the MTH against C. albicans and C. neoformans by visual inspection were 6.25 mg/mL and 1.56 mg/mL respectively, meanwhile 6.25 mg/mL and 3.13 mg/mL by spectrophotometric reading. The MFCs of the MTH against C. albicans and C. neoformans were 12.50 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL respectively. The MICs of SBP against C. albicans and C. neoformans by visual inspection were both 1.56 mg/mL whereas spectrophotometric reading recorded MICs of 3.13 mg/mL and 1.56 mg/mL respectively. The MFCs of SBP against C. albicans was 6.25 mg/mL and 3.13 mg/mL for C. neoformans. The total phenolic acids and flavonoids contents of MTH were 275.6 mg gallic acid/kg and 71.8 mg quercetin/kg respectively whereas for SBP, the phenolic acids content was 1754.2 mg gallic acid/kg and the flavonoids content was 82.6 mg quercetin/kg. MTH and SBP exhibited significant antifungal activities against C. albicans and C. neoformans. Their antifungal activities might be attributed to the high phenolic acids and flavonoids. This result suggests that MTH and SBP could potentially be used as alternative therapeutic agents against these fungi. Open Science Publishers LLP Inc. 2016 Article PeerReviewed image en http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/7201/1/FH02-FP-16-05539.jpg Salwani, Ismail and Mainul, Haque and Mohd Adzim Khalili, Rohin (2016) Antifungal properties of Malaysian tualang honey and stingless bee propolis against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 6 (2). 044-050. ISSN 22313354 [P]
institution Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin
building UNISZA Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin
content_source UNISZA Institutional Repository
url_provider https://eprints.unisza.edu.my/
language English
topic R Medicine (General)
spellingShingle R Medicine (General)
Salwani, Ismail
Mainul, Haque
Mohd Adzim Khalili, Rohin
Antifungal properties of Malaysian tualang honey and stingless bee propolis against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans
description Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans can cause life-threatening infections, especially in immunecompromised patients. Treatment with currently available antifungal agents may lead to severe side-effects and emergence of resistant strains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antifungal properties of MTH and SBP against C. albicans and C. neoformans. Broth dilution method was used to assess the antifungal properties of the MTH and propolis. Different concentrations of the MTH and propolis (0.78 mg/mL – 50.00 mg/mL) in two-fold dilutions were tested against each fungus to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) which was done by visual inspection and spectrophotometric (MIC95) reading at 620 nm. Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) was obtained by culturing on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Total phenolic acids and flavonoids contents were also determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and colorimetric assay respectively. The MICs of the MTH against C. albicans and C. neoformans by visual inspection were 6.25 mg/mL and 1.56 mg/mL respectively, meanwhile 6.25 mg/mL and 3.13 mg/mL by spectrophotometric reading. The MFCs of the MTH against C. albicans and C. neoformans were 12.50 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL respectively. The MICs of SBP against C. albicans and C. neoformans by visual inspection were both 1.56 mg/mL whereas spectrophotometric reading recorded MICs of 3.13 mg/mL and 1.56 mg/mL respectively. The MFCs of SBP against C. albicans was 6.25 mg/mL and 3.13 mg/mL for C. neoformans. The total phenolic acids and flavonoids contents of MTH were 275.6 mg gallic acid/kg and 71.8 mg quercetin/kg respectively whereas for SBP, the phenolic acids content was 1754.2 mg gallic acid/kg and the flavonoids content was 82.6 mg quercetin/kg. MTH and SBP exhibited significant antifungal activities against C. albicans and C. neoformans. Their antifungal activities might be attributed to the high phenolic acids and flavonoids. This result suggests that MTH and SBP could potentially be used as alternative therapeutic agents against these fungi.
format Article
author Salwani, Ismail
Mainul, Haque
Mohd Adzim Khalili, Rohin
author_facet Salwani, Ismail
Mainul, Haque
Mohd Adzim Khalili, Rohin
author_sort Salwani, Ismail
title Antifungal properties of Malaysian tualang honey and stingless bee propolis against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans
title_short Antifungal properties of Malaysian tualang honey and stingless bee propolis against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans
title_full Antifungal properties of Malaysian tualang honey and stingless bee propolis against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans
title_fullStr Antifungal properties of Malaysian tualang honey and stingless bee propolis against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans
title_full_unstemmed Antifungal properties of Malaysian tualang honey and stingless bee propolis against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans
title_sort antifungal properties of malaysian tualang honey and stingless bee propolis against candida albicans and cryptococcus neoformans
publisher Open Science Publishers LLP Inc.
publishDate 2016
url http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/7201/1/FH02-FP-16-05539.jpg
http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/7201/
_version_ 1744358590615912448
score 13.211869

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