Population Fluctuation and Abundance of Fruit Flies, Bactrocera (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Mango Orchards
Bactrocera is the most problematic tephritid fruit flies and agricultural important pests due to the severe damages caused to commercial fruits such as mango (Mangifera indica L.). In order to determine the population fluctuation and abundance of Bactrocera species in mango orchards, a survey wa...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Conference or Workshop Item |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/699/1/FH03-FBIM-15-03871.pdf http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/699/ |
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| Summary: | Bactrocera is the most problematic tephritid fruit flies
and agricultural important pests due to the severe damages caused to
commercial fruits such as mango (Mangifera indica L.). In order to
determine the population fluctuation and abundance of Bactrocera
species in mango orchards, a survey was carried out in four mango
orchards located in Jitra, Kedah; Kepala Batas, Penang; Bukit
Changgang, Selangor and Pulau Gadong, Melaka. Adult of fruit flies
were trapped using methyl-euganol (ME) attractant traps from
February to June 2014. The trapped fruit flies were collected
bimonthly and placed in 70% ethanol for preservation and brought to
the laboratory for sorting process and species identification. Daily
meteorological data (i.e.temperature, relative humidity and rainfall)
were recorded during the sampling period. A total of 33467 fruit flies
were trapped in all locations with three Bactrocera species were
identified known as B. papayae, B. carambolae, and B. umbrosa.
Among them, B. papayae was recorded the highest numbers (92.7%)
compared to B. carambolae (7.0%) and B. umbrosa (0.3%). This
indicated that B. papayae is predominance species in mango
orchards. The abundance of fruit flies obtained was significantly
different (P<0.05) among the mango orchards. Nevertheless, there
was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the abundance of
fruit flies in Pulau Gadong and Kepala Batas as well as between
Bukit Changgang and Pulau Gadong. Overall, the population
fluctuation of Bactrocera species between weeks showed no
significant difference (P>0.05). However, the population of fruit flies
start to increase when the mango plants reached the fruiting stage.
The highest number of fruit flies captured was recorded at matured
and ripe mango stage in all locations. The temperature showed no
significant association (P>0.05) with the fruit flies population in all
locations. Relative humidity in Pulau Gadong and Bukit Changgang
and rainfall in Pulau Gadong also showed no significant correlation
(P>0.05). However, fruit flies population was positively correlated
(P<0.05) with relative humidity in Kepala Batas and Jitra, and
rainfall in Bukit Changgang, Kepala Batas and Jitra. |
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