3D GIS urban runoff mechanism: A new perspective using volumetric soft geo-object
With the enhancement of the current GIS data model into a 3D dynamic simulation form, the importance of urban runoff mechanism could be visualized significantly. Such enhancement provides a valuable step for urban runoff modelers by visualizing complex streamflow routing, overland flow, channel fl...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, UKM,Bangi
2012
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| Online Access: | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/5520/1/artikel11.pdf http://journalarticle.ukm.my/5520/ http://www.ukm.my/geografia/v2/index.php? |
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| Summary: | With the enhancement of the current GIS data model into a 3D dynamic simulation form, the importance of urban
runoff mechanism could be visualized significantly. Such enhancement provides a valuable step for urban runoff
modelers by visualizing complex streamflow routing, overland flow, channel flow routing and runoff volume
coverage information. Inclusion of Volumetric Soft Geo-objects (VSG) offers substantial effort towards representing
3D dynamic simulation of overland flow volume that hits the urban flood-plain areas, estimating channel flow
capacity, routing and diversions to reduce urban flood disaster. The VSG are driven by a Kinematic Wave Routing
and Green-Ampt method for simulating open channel flow and overland flow volume respectively using HEC-HMS
hydrologic model. Basin model, sub-basin, reach and junction elements are extracted from Digital Elevation Model
(DEM) with 5 meter resolution using HEC-GeoHMS programme within ArcView GIS software and HEC-HMS
model. The comparison of simulated discharge volume using VSGs with observed 10 minutes interval discharge
volume gave a reading of R2 = 0.88 and a Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of 0.82. Such 3D VSG visualization is useful in
predicting potential location of flood disaster, landslide high risk spots, and informative. It is also valued as a
realistic and sustainable hydrologic impact management instrument by contemporary GIS practitioners including
hydrologists, environmentalists, town planners and other relevant scientists. |
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