Laboratory efficacy of insect growth regulators on the mortality rate of tropical bed bugs, Cimex hemipterus (F.)
Cimicidae are blood feed ectoparasites of mammals and birds. The Cimex hemipterus has been pestering humans since before globalisation and urbanisation. Till today, this pest has shown resilience and resurgence in infestation cases as documented in North and South America, Africa, Asia, and Europ...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
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| Online Access: | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/22419/1/serangga%2028_8.pdf http://journalarticle.ukm.my/22419/ https://ejournals.ukm.my/serangga/issue/view/1592/showToc |
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| Summary: | Cimicidae are blood feed ectoparasites of mammals and birds. The Cimex hemipterus has
been pestering humans since before globalisation and urbanisation. Till today, this pest has
shown resilience and resurgence in infestation cases as documented in North and South
America, Africa, Asia, and Europe. Hence, research on the efficacy of insect growth regulators
was conducted using surface contact bioassay on a plastic surface using six insecticides at four
concentrations (100ppm, 500ppm, 1000ppm, and 10 000ppm). Bioassay was performed in
triplicates comprising of five-bed bugs (an adult male, two adult females, and two nymphs) per
replicate. Six exposure times were designed; 1hr, 2hr, 3hr, 24hr, 48hr, 72hr and continuous
exposure until mortality was achieved. The mean mortality of bed bugs within the first week
of exposure demonstrated significant difference (P=0.004) while when evaluated for
continuous exposure of 13 weeks tropical bed bugs showed no significant interaction
(P=0.126) with zero knockdown rate. Treated bed bugs indicate significant difference between
the mean egg deposited and hatched (P<0.001). During the exposure, chlorfluazuron resulted
in the fastest mortality rate, followed by beta-cyfluthrin+imidacloprid, tebufenozide,
methoprene, chlorfluazuron, and pyriproxyfen. Better killing efficacy was observed in
insecticide at high concentrations, followed by lower concentrations with a slightly slower
mortality assessment interval. The mortality of bed bugs proves that insect growth regulators
do work on bed bugs. Further studies should be done before better control measures could be
proposed to curb the infestation of bed bug populations. |
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