Cover Image

Between-country global inequality and demographic change

This paper revisits the debate over between-country inequality with a focus on demographic factors. We argue that population growth has played an important role in facilitating per capita income convergence of middle- and high-income countries while leaving low-income countries behind relative to bo...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Bruni, Michele
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2022
Online Access:http://journalarticle.ukm.my/21382/1/Between-Country%20Global%20Inequality%20and%20Demographic%20Change.pdf
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/21382/
https://ejournals.ukm.my/jem/
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id my-ukm.journal.21382
record_format eprints
spelling my-ukm.journal.213822023-03-27T00:30:45Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/21382/ Between-country global inequality and demographic change Bruni, Michele This paper revisits the debate over between-country inequality with a focus on demographic factors. We argue that population growth has played an important role in facilitating per capita income convergence of middle- and high-income countries while leaving low-income countries behind relative to both the global average and the high-income countries. According to our assessment, the exceptional economic performance of China, in contrast to India, is the result not only of an extremely high rate of GDP growth but also of a very limited increase of total population. The second part of the paper suggests that the demographic transition process, affecting the three major age groups in their natural order, generates several interlinked challenges -- the education challenge, the employment challenge, and the migration challenge. And it is the capacity to successfully confront these challenges that partly explains the differential economic performance of the two Asian giants - China and India -- as well as a number of Low-Income Countries and High-Income Countries. In the next decades, the demographic transition will create a “demographic polarization” between rich countries, leaving them in a structural shortage of labour. On the other hand, poor countries will be affected by a structural excess of labour making mass migration unavoidable. Whether these contrasting forthcoming demographic shifts widen between-country gap per capita income gap will critically depend on the global governance of migration flows. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2022 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/21382/1/Between-Country%20Global%20Inequality%20and%20Demographic%20Change.pdf Bruni, Michele (2022) Between-country global inequality and demographic change. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 56 (3). pp. 65-85. ISSN 0127-1962 https://ejournals.ukm.my/jem/
institution Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
building Tun Sri Lanang Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
content_source UKM Journal Article Repository
url_provider http://journalarticle.ukm.my/
language English
description This paper revisits the debate over between-country inequality with a focus on demographic factors. We argue that population growth has played an important role in facilitating per capita income convergence of middle- and high-income countries while leaving low-income countries behind relative to both the global average and the high-income countries. According to our assessment, the exceptional economic performance of China, in contrast to India, is the result not only of an extremely high rate of GDP growth but also of a very limited increase of total population. The second part of the paper suggests that the demographic transition process, affecting the three major age groups in their natural order, generates several interlinked challenges -- the education challenge, the employment challenge, and the migration challenge. And it is the capacity to successfully confront these challenges that partly explains the differential economic performance of the two Asian giants - China and India -- as well as a number of Low-Income Countries and High-Income Countries. In the next decades, the demographic transition will create a “demographic polarization” between rich countries, leaving them in a structural shortage of labour. On the other hand, poor countries will be affected by a structural excess of labour making mass migration unavoidable. Whether these contrasting forthcoming demographic shifts widen between-country gap per capita income gap will critically depend on the global governance of migration flows.
format Article
author Bruni, Michele
spellingShingle Bruni, Michele
Between-country global inequality and demographic change
author_facet Bruni, Michele
author_sort Bruni, Michele
title Between-country global inequality and demographic change
title_short Between-country global inequality and demographic change
title_full Between-country global inequality and demographic change
title_fullStr Between-country global inequality and demographic change
title_full_unstemmed Between-country global inequality and demographic change
title_sort between-country global inequality and demographic change
publisher Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
publishDate 2022
url http://journalarticle.ukm.my/21382/1/Between-Country%20Global%20Inequality%20and%20Demographic%20Change.pdf
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/21382/
https://ejournals.ukm.my/jem/
_version_ 1761617599024594944
score 13.211869

Similar Items