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The political and socio-economic condition of the people who were removed from Mandlanzini and their return to Richards Bay after 1994

From 1960 to 1983, the apartheid government forcibly removed more than 3.5 million South Africans from their traditional areas of domicile to different areas. Such removals were for different reasons such as clearance of ‘black sport’, relocation as per Influx Control Legislation, urban relocation,...

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Main Authors: Ntuli, Hebert Sihle, Nhlenyama, Zumisile Felicity
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2021
Online Access:http://journalarticle.ukm.my/17491/1/48230-156298-1-SM.pdf
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/17491/
https://ejournal.ukm.my/ebangi/issue/view/1394
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spelling my-ukm.journal.174912021-10-13T03:18:24Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/17491/ The political and socio-economic condition of the people who were removed from Mandlanzini and their return to Richards Bay after 1994 Ntuli, Hebert Sihle Nhlenyama, Zumisile Felicity From 1960 to 1983, the apartheid government forcibly removed more than 3.5 million South Africans from their traditional areas of domicile to different areas. Such removals were for different reasons such as clearance of ‘black sport’, relocation as per Influx Control Legislation, urban relocation, relocation for Betterment Schemes, and relocation for Homeland Consolidation. Black communities were in the majority of cases the main victims of such removals. In spite of the pervasiveness of such removals, very little is written on the impact or effect to the victims. The main objective for this paper is to present the political and socio-economic conditions of the people who were removed when Richards Bay was established. The narrative is based on qualitative research which brings out the sentiments and attitudes of the victims. Qualitative research approaches using focus group discussion, direct observations and in-depth interviews with selected members of the community. Prudently presented themes were sifted from the data that discussed the effects of forced removals to the people who were forcibly relocated from Mandlanzini. From qualitative data, it emerged that these people were not relocated for their improvement but to open up space for white settlement and to create economic enclave controlled by whites. This paper traces their history from pre-apartheid era to the democratic dispensation when some of these people returned to their traditional land. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2021 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/17491/1/48230-156298-1-SM.pdf Ntuli, Hebert Sihle and Nhlenyama, Zumisile Felicity (2021) The political and socio-economic condition of the people who were removed from Mandlanzini and their return to Richards Bay after 1994. e-BANGI: Jurnal Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, 18 (3). pp. 270-283. ISSN 1823-884x https://ejournal.ukm.my/ebangi/issue/view/1394
institution Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
building Tun Sri Lanang Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
content_source UKM Journal Article Repository
url_provider http://journalarticle.ukm.my/
language English
description From 1960 to 1983, the apartheid government forcibly removed more than 3.5 million South Africans from their traditional areas of domicile to different areas. Such removals were for different reasons such as clearance of ‘black sport’, relocation as per Influx Control Legislation, urban relocation, relocation for Betterment Schemes, and relocation for Homeland Consolidation. Black communities were in the majority of cases the main victims of such removals. In spite of the pervasiveness of such removals, very little is written on the impact or effect to the victims. The main objective for this paper is to present the political and socio-economic conditions of the people who were removed when Richards Bay was established. The narrative is based on qualitative research which brings out the sentiments and attitudes of the victims. Qualitative research approaches using focus group discussion, direct observations and in-depth interviews with selected members of the community. Prudently presented themes were sifted from the data that discussed the effects of forced removals to the people who were forcibly relocated from Mandlanzini. From qualitative data, it emerged that these people were not relocated for their improvement but to open up space for white settlement and to create economic enclave controlled by whites. This paper traces their history from pre-apartheid era to the democratic dispensation when some of these people returned to their traditional land.
format Article
author Ntuli, Hebert Sihle
Nhlenyama, Zumisile Felicity
spellingShingle Ntuli, Hebert Sihle
Nhlenyama, Zumisile Felicity
The political and socio-economic condition of the people who were removed from Mandlanzini and their return to Richards Bay after 1994
author_facet Ntuli, Hebert Sihle
Nhlenyama, Zumisile Felicity
author_sort Ntuli, Hebert Sihle
title The political and socio-economic condition of the people who were removed from Mandlanzini and their return to Richards Bay after 1994
title_short The political and socio-economic condition of the people who were removed from Mandlanzini and their return to Richards Bay after 1994
title_full The political and socio-economic condition of the people who were removed from Mandlanzini and their return to Richards Bay after 1994
title_fullStr The political and socio-economic condition of the people who were removed from Mandlanzini and their return to Richards Bay after 1994
title_full_unstemmed The political and socio-economic condition of the people who were removed from Mandlanzini and their return to Richards Bay after 1994
title_sort political and socio-economic condition of the people who were removed from mandlanzini and their return to richards bay after 1994
publisher Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
publishDate 2021
url http://journalarticle.ukm.my/17491/1/48230-156298-1-SM.pdf
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/17491/
https://ejournal.ukm.my/ebangi/issue/view/1394
_version_ 1715190950632882176
score 13.211869

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