Empirical models of kinetic rate for river treatment analysis of cellulosic materials
The utilisation of cellulosic fibre in removing organic and nutrients pollutants in polluted river is becoming an increasingly popular alternative cost-effective and sustainable option. However, the related empirical models are yet to be fully comprehensive to study the adsorption mechanisms of na...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
elsevier
2018
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/1073/1/LOW%20WEN%20PEI.pdf http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/1073/ |
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| Summary: | The utilisation of cellulosic fibre in removing organic and nutrients pollutants in polluted river is becoming an
increasingly popular alternative cost-effective and sustainable option. However, the related empirical models are
yet to be fully comprehensive to study the adsorption mechanisms of natural adsorbents. This paper discusses
developed empirical model used to estimate the mass transfer of organic pollutants into two natural fibres –
coconut fibres and oil palm fibres to filter pollutant molecules in water. An empirical model was developed to
estimate the mass transfer of organic pollutants in water onto the fibres in a fabricated physical model. The mass
transfer relations were derived based on the substrates loading rates and the predicted accumulation rates of
substrates in fibres along with the percentage of outflows. Matching empirical results with experimental results
showed that the modified model was able to accurately predict the mass transfer rate. The higher adsorption rate
of CF (91.02% COD) depicted greater global mass transfer rate (1.3696 d−1) than OPF (82.35% COD) which only
had 1.2768 d−1 of global mass transfer rate in 3% of COD outflow. The contribution of internal diffusion mechanism
was significant due to the physical (porosity) and chemical (lignin and cellulosic content) characteristics
of both CF and OPF. The study concluded that the performance of biological adsorption using CF and OPF
is promising.
1. Introduction
River has been the source of life since billions of years ago. Early
human civilization had mainly flourished at riverbanks, such as Egypt’s
Nile River, Indus River valley, and along major rivers in China. River
forms a vital part of our ecosystem, providing food and shelter to many
organisms, not to forget a mean of transportation for human [1]. In
order to preserve its sustainability, it is important that river water
bodies and riparian zones are maintained clean so that the delicate life
balance is not disrupted. Ironically, as human civilization progresses by
leaps and bounds throughout history, we are also stressing our river
bodies through the tremendous amount of wastes generated. Many of
these wastes are disposed irresponsibly into our river systems, overloading
the rivers with excessive amount of nutrients that has resulted
in harmful |
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