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An Improved Action Key Frames Extraction Algorithm for Complex Colour Video Shot Summarization by Mizher, Manar Abduljabbar Ahmad, Ang, Mei Choo, Sheikh Abdullah, Siti Norul Huda, Kok, Weng Ng

“…The objective of this work is to improve our previous action key frames extraction algorithm (AKF) by adapting a threshold which selects action key frames as final key frames. …”
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An improved method in speech signal input representation based on DTW technique for NN speech recognition system by Sudirman, Rubita, Salleh, Sh. Hussain, Salleh, Shaharuddin

“…Another task of the study is to extract pitch features using the Harmonic Filter algorithm. …”
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An Algorithm for Vehicle Detection and Tracking by Malik , Aamir Saeed

“…Median filtering is used for background extraction which is later subtracted from the motion frames for object detection. …”
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Local DTW coefficients and pitch feature for back-propagation NN digits recognition by Sudirman, R., Salleh, Shahruddin Hussain, Salleh, Sh-Hussain

“…The LPC features vectors are aligned between the source frames to the template using our DTW frame fixing (DTW-FF) algorithm. …”
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A fast feature extraction algorithm for image and video processing by Abdulhussain, Sadiq H., Ramli, Abdul Rahman, Mahmmod, Basheera M., Saripan, M. Iqbal, Syed Mohamed, Syed Abdul Rahman Al-Haddad, Baker, Thar, Flayyih, Wameedh Nazar, Jassim, Wissam A.

“…These features are used to represent the local visual content of images and video frames. …”
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Local DTW Coefficients and Pitch Feature for Back-Propagation NN Digits Recognition by Sudirman, Rubita, Salleh, Sh-Hussain, Salleh, Shaharuddin

“…The LPC features vectors are aligned between the source frames to the template using our DTW frame fixing (DTW-FF) algorithm. …”
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Automated threshold detection for object segmentation in colour image by Akhtaruzzaman, Md., Shafie, Amir Akramin, Khan, Md. Raisuddin

“…Results of the applied procedure show that the algorithm is viable to extract object from single background color image and can be used in human gait analysis. © 2006-2016 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).…”
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Time normalization of LPC feature using warping method by Sudirman, Rubita, Salleh, Sh. Hussain, Khalid, Puspa Inayat, Ahmad, Abd. Hamid

“…Another task is to align the input frames (test set) to the reference template (training set) using DTW fixing frame (DTW-FF) algorithm. …”
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AR oriented pose matching mechanism from motion capture data by Iqbal J., Sidhu M.S., Ariff M.B.M.

“…In order to extract the exact matched pose, the frame sequence is divided into pose feature frame and skeletal data frame by the use of pose matching dance training movement recognition algorithm (PMDTMR). …”

DTWFF-pitch feature and faster neural network convergence for speech recognition by Sudirman, Rubita, Salleh, Sh. Hussain, Salleh, Shaharuddin

“…Another task is to align the input frames (test set) to the reference template (training set) using DTW fixing frame (DTW-FF) algorithm. …”
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Pre-processing of input features using LPC and warping process by Sudirman, Rubita, Sh-Hussain, Salleh, Ming, Ting Chee

“…Another task is to align the input frames (test set) to the reference template (training set) using a modified DTW algorithm called DTW fixing frame (DTW-FF)algorithm. …”
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Image Stitching Of Aerial Footage by Ng, Wei Haen

“…ScaleInvariant Feature Transform (SIFT) approach is used to detect and describe the feature points of the extracted frames. …”
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Image classification using two dimensional wavelet coefficients with parallel computing by Ong, Yew Fai

“…Whenever an area with the similar characteristic is verified in the next frame, the area will be identified and bounded with a rectangle through the object recognition algorithm of the research. …”
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T-way testing : a test case generator based on melody search algorithm by Toh, Shu Yuen

“…Next, TTT-MS will be executed through main algorithms to generate Parameters Interaction List, Parameter Values Interaction List, and finally generate final Test Cases based on Melody Search Algorithm. …”
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HUMAN MOTION ANALYSIS IN VIDEO SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM by LO , TIMOTHY YIN HONG

“…In a human detection, the software is represented by algorithms, in which algorithm also being used in the process of training the dataset. …”
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Multiform Frame Shape Extraction Using Neighbouring Pixel Be-Haviors For Mushaf Al-Quran by Radzid, Amirul Ramzani, Azmi, Mohd Sanusi, A. Jalil, Intan Ermahani, Nordin, Radzuan, Arbain, Nur Atikah

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Gender identification of children using hidden Markov model based on Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient / Adira Ibrahim by Adira, Ibrahim

“…Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) was applied as the feature extraction method. HMM was trained with Baum-Welch algorithm and tested with Viterbi algorithm to get the gender identification accuracy. …”
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A new multi-frames watermarking technique for tamper detection and recovery by Khor, Hui Liang

“…Nowadays, medical image modalities have been digitalized and standardized into DICOM format which exhibit multi-frames characteristics; hence, multi-frames medical images have been widely used in clinical practice but it has been found that most of watermarking researches were conducted on single-frame medical image because their focus was on the intrinsic algorithm of watermarking scheme. …”
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Hybrid Artificial Bees Colony algorithms for optimizing carbon nanotubes characteristics by Mohammad Jarrah, Mu'ath Ibrahim

“…Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) is the most efficient method for CNTs production.However,using CVD method encounters crucial issues such as customization,time and cost.Therefore,Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is proposed for modeling and the ABC-βHC is proposed for optimization purpose to address such issues.The selected CNTs characteristics are CNTs yield and quality represented by the ratio of the relative intensity of the D and G-bands (ID/IG).Six case studies are generated from collected dataset including four cases of CNTs yield and one case of ID/IG as single objective optimization problems,while the sixth case represents multi-objective problem.The input parameters of each case are a subset from the set of input parameters including reaction temperature,duration,carbon dioxide flow rate,methane partial pressure,catalyst loading,polymer weight and catalyst weight.The models for the first three case studies were mentioned in the original work.RSM is proposed to develop polynomial models for the output responses in the other three cases and to identi significant process parameters and interactions that could affect the CNTs output responses.The developed models are validated using t-test,correlation and pattern matching.The predictive results have a good agreement with the actual experimental data.The models are used as objective functions in optimization techniques.For multi-objective optimization,this study proposes Desirability Function Approach (DFA) to be integrated with other proposed algorithms to form hybrid techniques namely RSM-DFA,ABC-DFA and ABC-βHC-DFA.The proposed algorithms and other selected well-known algorithms are evaluated and compared on their CNTs yield and quality.The optimization results reveal that ABC-βHC and ABC-βHC-DFA obtained significant results in terms of success rate,required time,iterations,and function evaluations number compared to other well-known algorithms.Significantly,the optimization results from this study are better than the results from the original work of the collected dataset.…”
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A wavelet based watermarking algorithm for video by Hussin, Saleh, Babakr, Elsadig, Ramli, Abd Rahman, Al-Hadad, Sayed R.

“…In this paper, a video watermarking algorithm based on wavelets is proposed. In this algorithm, to achieve better imperceptibility and robustness a binary image watermark is inserted into the middle frequency subband coefficients of the blue component of the video frame. …”
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