Published 2015
“…The first step is
presenting the backward
estimator and combined forward-backward
estimator instead of
the only forward
estimator in the original input-output models; the second step is
reformulating the input-output models into a state-space model so that the Kalman
Smoother (KS) adaptive filter can be used to
estimate the model coefficients; the third
step is optimization of KS parameters using evolutionary computing
algorithms such as
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Genetic
Algorithm (GA) and Artificial
Bee Colony
(ABC) to form the PSO-KS, GA-KS and ABC-KS as
estimation methods.…”
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Thesis