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Cuckoo search algorithm and wind driven optimization based study of satellite image segmentation for multilevel thresholding using Kapur’s entropy by Bhandari, A.K., Singh, V.K, Kumar, A., Singh, G.K.

“…A new approach of CS and WDO algorithm is used for selection of optimal threshold value. …”
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An efficient indexing and retrieval of iris biometrics data using hybrid transform and firefly based K-means algorithm title by Khalaf, Emad Taha

“…The enhanced method combines three transformation methods for analyzing the iris image and extracting its local features. …”
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Using genetic algorithms as image watermarking performance optimizer / Zuhaili Zahid by Zahid, Zuhaili

“…Image watermarking is a method to hide a message in an image for transmission of secret data or identification purposes. …”
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Sauvola Segmentation and Support Vector Machine-Salp Swarm Algorithm Approach for Identifying Nutrient Deficiencies in Citrus Reticulata Leaves by Lia, Kamelia

“…With SSA optimization, the Sauvola method combined with SVM reaches an accuracy of 99.58%, surpassing other methods that use image processing and ANN classification. …”
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Efficient classifying and indexing for large iris database based on enhanced clustering method by Khalaf, Emad Taha, Mohammed, Muamer N., Kohbalan, Moorthy, Khalaf, Ahmad Taha

“…Three transformation methods DCT, DWT and SVD were used to analyse the iris image and to extract its local features. …”
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Estimating Face Emotion using Genetic Algorithm by Karthigayan, M., Mohd Rizon, Muhamed Juhari, Sazali, Yaacob, Nagarayan, R.

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FEATURES EXTRACTION OF FINGERPRINTS BASED ON HYBRID PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION AND BAT ALGORITHMS by Ahmed A.L., Hassoon N., Hak L.A.L., Edan M., Abed H., Abd S.

“…In this paper, a new hybrid strategy Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with Bat Algorithm (BA) is proposed to extract features from fingerprint images. …”

Plant leaf recognition algorithm using ant colony-based feature extraction technique by Ghasab, Mohammad Ali Jan

“…To do this, at first, based on the proposed algorithm,the physiological dimensions of leaves are automatically measured and with regard to these parameters, specified features such as shape, morph, texture and colour are extracted from the image of the plant leaf through image processing to create a reserved feature database to be used for different species of plants. …”
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Fingerprint verification using clonal selection algorithm / Farah Syadiyah Shamsudin by Shamsudin, Farah Syadiyah

“…Further studies can be made by using the same algorithm, but focusing more on the image enhancement and the feature extraction methods to improve the quality of the extraction of fingerprints.…”
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Automated threshold detection for object segmentation in colour image by Akhtaruzzaman, Md., Shafie, Amir Akramin, Khan, Md. Raisuddin

“…The procedure starts with selection of optimal RGB channel. Then H(•) algorithm is applied for automated threshold detection to convert the image frames into grayscale image. …”
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Simulated kalman filter (SKF) based image template matching for distance measurement by using stereo vision system by Nurnajmin Qasrina Ann, Ayop Azmi

“…SKF is compared with conventional algorithms for image template matching which are performance index value (PIM) and correlation by using DC components of image (TMC) and by using power of images (TMP) methods. …”
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Image watermarking optimization algorithms in transform domains and feature regions by Tao, Hai

“…The achieved tradeoffs from these techniques between imperceptibility and robustness are controversial.To solve this problem,this study proposes the application of artificial intelligent techniques into digital watermarking by using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD).To protect the copyright information of digital images,the original image is decomposed according to two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform.Subsequently the preprocessed watermark with an affined scrambling transform is embedded into the vertical subband (HLm) coefficients in wavelet domain without compromising the quality of the image.The scaling factors are trained with the assistance of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).A new algorithmic framework is used to forecast feasibility of hypothesized watermarked images.In addition,the novelty is to associate the Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO),instead of a single optimization,as a model with SVD.To embed and extract the watermark,the singular values of the blocked host image are modified according to the watermark and scaling factors. …”
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Development of a personified face emotion recognition technique using fitness function by Muthukaruppan, Karthigayan, Mohd Rizon, Mohamed Juhari, Ramachandran, Nagarajan, Masanori, Sugisaka, Sazali, Yaacob, Mohd Rozailan, Mamat, Hazry, Desa

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Extraction of forest plantation extents using majority voting classification fusion algorithm by Saharkhiz, Maryam Adel, Pradhan, Biswajeet, Rizeei, Hossein Mojaddadi, Mohamed Shariff, Abdul Rashid

“…Principal component index method as one of the most effective Pan-Sharpening fusion approaches was used to synthesize Landsat and ALOS PALSAR-2 images. …”
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Detection of corneal arcus using rubber sheet and machine learning methods by Ramlee, Ridza Azri

“…The elements extracted from the confusion matrix parameters (i.e. accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, AUC, precision and f-score) are used in benchmarking the optimal performance of classification algorithms. …”
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Liver segmentation on CT images using random walkers and fuzzy c-means for treatment planning and monitoring of tumors in liver cancer patients by Moghbel, Mehrdad

“…The proposed method is based on a hybrid method integrating random walkers algorithm with integrated priors and particle swarm optimized spatial fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm with level set method and AdaBoost classifier. …”
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Automatic Segmentation and Classification of Skin Lesions in Dermoscopic Images by Adil Humayun, Khan

“…The third proposed segmentation algorithm involves two pipelines for feature extraction: split & merge methods and Contextual Encoding Network (EncNet) with an attention mechanism. …”
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Particle swarm optimization with deep learning for human action recognition by Usmani, U.A., Watada, J., Jaafar, J., Aziz, I.A., Roy, A.

“…The features are reduced using the particle swarm optimization detection technique in video image sequences to reduce the computational complexity. …”
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Optimized Image Watermarking Based On HD And SVD In IWT Domain by Ahmad Hisyam, Suryanto Sugian

“…The IWT domain is employed to make the watermarking process more efficient, leading to a faster and more reliable watermarking algorithm. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we conducted several experiments using standard image datasets. …”
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Plant identification using combination of fuzzy c-means spatial pyramid matching, gist, multi-texton histogram and multiview dictionary learning by Safa, Soodabeh

“…The combination of gist, MTH and SIFT features increased the performance of image identification and showed 49% accuracy. Moreover, instead of concatenating feature vectors together and send to classifier, sparse coding and dictionary learning methods are used and instead of considering all features as one view (visual feature), K-SVD algorithm that is one of the famous algorithms for sparse representation is optimized and developed to multi-view model.The experimental results prove that the proposed methods has improved accuracy by 53.77% compared to concatenating features and classic K-SVD dictionary learning model as well.…”
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