IoT-based smart waste management system: A solution for urban sustainability
Environmental waste is still a debacle in our daily lives as well as for the world. Most waste management systems do not have monitoring functionalities, which results in inefficient collection routes, higher processing costs, and environmental damage. These figures only continue to grow. In modern...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en |
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International Information and Engineering Technology Association
2025
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/29042/2/ijsse.150609 http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/29042/ https://www.iieta.org/journals/ijsse/paper/10.18280/ijsse.150609 https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsse.150609 |
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| author | Jamil Alsayaydeh, Jamil Abedalrahim Bacarra, Rex Wong, Adam Yoon Khang Mohd Yaacob, Noorayisahbe Herawan, Safarudin Gazali |
| author_facet | Jamil Alsayaydeh, Jamil Abedalrahim Bacarra, Rex Wong, Adam Yoon Khang Mohd Yaacob, Noorayisahbe Herawan, Safarudin Gazali |
| author_sort | Jamil Alsayaydeh, Jamil Abedalrahim |
| building | UTEM Library |
| collection | Institutional Repository |
| content_provider | Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka |
| content_source | UTEM Institutional Repository |
| continent | Asia |
| country | Malaysia |
| description | Environmental waste is still a debacle in our daily lives as well as for the world. Most waste management systems do not have monitoring functionalities, which results in inefficient collection routes, higher processing costs, and environmental damage. These figures only continue to grow. In modern metropolises that are home to most population growth, people are increasingly turning to outdated systems that can no longer handle the amount of waste being produced. These systems then turn out to be too costly, which becomes a major and unsolved problem in the long run. This paper presents a secure, low-cost IoT smart waste system that integrates five sensors, HC-SR04 ultrasonic (fill-level), HX711 load-cell (weight), DHT22 (temperature/-humidity), MQ-135 gas (air quality) and Ublox NEO-6M GPS, around an Arduino-ESP8266 core and Firebase cloud analytics. A 30-day field trial on 12 municipal bins achieved 85% fill-level accuracy, < 3% mean absolute error in weight, and 100% detection of hazardous temperature (≥ 40°C) or humidity (≥ 70% RH). GPS-guided routing cut truck mileage by 20 % and CO₂ emissions by 18% versus fixed schedules (p < 0.01, paired-sample t-test). These results confirm that multi-sensor IoT retrofits can reduce operational costs while improving public-health safeguards, providing a replicable blueprint for sustainable smart-city waste infrastructure. |
| format | Article |
| id | my.utem.eprints-29042 |
| institution | Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | International Information and Engineering Technology Association |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | my.utem.eprints-290422025-10-27T07:14:29Z http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/29042/ IoT-based smart waste management system: A solution for urban sustainability Jamil Alsayaydeh, Jamil Abedalrahim Bacarra, Rex Wong, Adam Yoon Khang Mohd Yaacob, Noorayisahbe Herawan, Safarudin Gazali Environmental waste is still a debacle in our daily lives as well as for the world. Most waste management systems do not have monitoring functionalities, which results in inefficient collection routes, higher processing costs, and environmental damage. These figures only continue to grow. In modern metropolises that are home to most population growth, people are increasingly turning to outdated systems that can no longer handle the amount of waste being produced. These systems then turn out to be too costly, which becomes a major and unsolved problem in the long run. This paper presents a secure, low-cost IoT smart waste system that integrates five sensors, HC-SR04 ultrasonic (fill-level), HX711 load-cell (weight), DHT22 (temperature/-humidity), MQ-135 gas (air quality) and Ublox NEO-6M GPS, around an Arduino-ESP8266 core and Firebase cloud analytics. A 30-day field trial on 12 municipal bins achieved 85% fill-level accuracy, < 3% mean absolute error in weight, and 100% detection of hazardous temperature (≥ 40°C) or humidity (≥ 70% RH). GPS-guided routing cut truck mileage by 20 % and CO₂ emissions by 18% versus fixed schedules (p < 0.01, paired-sample t-test). These results confirm that multi-sensor IoT retrofits can reduce operational costs while improving public-health safeguards, providing a replicable blueprint for sustainable smart-city waste infrastructure. International Information and Engineering Technology Association 2025-06 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_4 http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/29042/2/ijsse.150609 Jamil Alsayaydeh, Jamil Abedalrahim and Bacarra, Rex and Wong, Adam Yoon Khang and Mohd Yaacob, Noorayisahbe and Herawan, Safarudin Gazali (2025) IoT-based smart waste management system: A solution for urban sustainability. International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering, 15 (6). pp. 1173-1183. ISSN 2041-9031 https://www.iieta.org/journals/ijsse/paper/10.18280/ijsse.150609 https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsse.150609 |
| spellingShingle | Jamil Alsayaydeh, Jamil Abedalrahim Bacarra, Rex Wong, Adam Yoon Khang Mohd Yaacob, Noorayisahbe Herawan, Safarudin Gazali IoT-based smart waste management system: A solution for urban sustainability |
| title | IoT-based smart waste management system: A solution for urban sustainability |
| title_full | IoT-based smart waste management system: A solution for urban sustainability |
| title_fullStr | IoT-based smart waste management system: A solution for urban sustainability |
| title_full_unstemmed | IoT-based smart waste management system: A solution for urban sustainability |
| title_short | IoT-based smart waste management system: A solution for urban sustainability |
| title_sort | iot-based smart waste management system: a solution for urban sustainability |
| url | http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/29042/2/ijsse.150609 http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/29042/ https://www.iieta.org/journals/ijsse/paper/10.18280/ijsse.150609 https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsse.150609 |
| url_provider | http://eprints.utem.edu.my/ |