Effects of short-term swimming exercise on bone mineral density, geometry, and microstructural properties in sham and ovariectomized rats
Little information exists about the effects of swimming exercise on bone health in ovariectomized animals with estrogen deficiency, which resembles the postmenopausal state and age-related bone loss in humans. This study investigated the effects of swimming exercise on tibia and femur bone mineral...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.usm.my/38905/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2014.09.001 |
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| Summary: | Little information exists about the effects of swimming exercise on bone health in ovariectomized animals with estrogen deficiency, which
resembles the postmenopausal state and age-related bone loss in humans. This study investigated the effects of swimming exercise on tibia and
femur bone mineral density (BMD), geometry, and microstructure in sham and ovariectomized rats. Forty 3-month-old female rats were divided
into four groups: sham operated-sedentary control (Sham-control), sham operated with swimming exercise group (Sham-Swim), ovariectomysedentary
control (OVx-control), and ovariectomy and swimming exercise (OVx-Swim) groups. Swimming sessions were performed by the rats
90 minutes/day for 5 days/week for a total of 8 weeks. At the end of the study, tibial and femoral proximal volumetric total BMD, midshaft
cortical volumetric BMD, cross-sectional area, and cross-sectional moment of inertia (MOI), and bone microstructural properties were measured
for comparison. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The Sham-Swim group exhibited significantly ( p < 0.05;
one-way ANOVA) greater values in bone geometry parameters, that is, tibial midshaft cortical area and MOI compared to the Sham-control
group. However, no significant differences were observed in these parameters between the Ovx-Swim and Ovx-control groups. There were
no significant differences in femoral BMD between the Sham-Swim and Sham-control groups. Nevertheless, the Ovx-Swim group elicited
significantly ( p < 0.05; one-way ANOVA) higher femoral proximal total BMD and improved bone microstructure compared to the Ovx-Sham
group. In conclusion, the positive effects of swimming on bone properties in the ovariectomized rats in the present study may suggest that
swimming as a non- or low-weight-bearing exercise may be beneficial for enhancing bone health in the postmenopausal population. |
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