Sex estimation from reconstructed scapula models using discriminant function analysis in the Malaysian population
Scapulae have been widely studied for its potential in differentiating sex in skeletal remains, especially when traditionally used sexually dimorphic bones were not available. The present work aimed to investigate sexual dimorphism of scapulae, and to develop and validate the population-specific met...
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Taylor and Francis Ltd.
2024
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| author | Omar N. Mohd Ali S.H. Shafie M.S. Nik Ismail N.A. Hadi H. Ismail R. Mohd Nor F. |
| author2 | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences |
| author_facet | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Omar N. Mohd Ali S.H. Shafie M.S. Nik Ismail N.A. Hadi H. Ismail R. Mohd Nor F. |
| author_sort | Omar N. |
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| collection | Institutional Repository |
| content_provider | Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia |
| content_source | USIM Institutional Repository |
| continent | Asia |
| country | Malaysia |
| description | Scapulae have been widely studied for its potential in differentiating sex in skeletal remains, especially when traditionally used sexually dimorphic bones were not available. The present work aimed to investigate sexual dimorphism of scapulae, and to develop and validate the population-specific metric standards of the Malaysian population using three-dimensional (3D) computed tomographic (CT) scapula models. Each scapula was measured for five variables with a digital caliper and analysed for independent T-test and discriminant analysis, where a leave-one-out cross-validation was applied. Moreover, a set of different samples (hold-out sample) was used to validate the established discriminant functions (DF). Consequently, all measurements showed significant differences between males and females (p < 0.001) and morphological breadth was discovered as the most sexually dimorphic scapulae measurements. Six DFs with classification accuracy ranging from 84.4% to 93.1% were generated. From the functions, stepwise DF predicted the highest classification accuracy. Additionally, the stepwise DF exhibited 95% classification accuracy when tested on the hold-out sample compared to univariate DFs which showed 82.5�92.5% accuracy. In conclusion, the virtual 3D scapulae models were sexually dimorphic, and the discriminant functions were significant in identifying skeletonized remains using scapulae bone in the Malaysian population. � 2019, � 2019 Australian Academy of Forensic Sciences. |
| format | Article |
| id | my.usim.oarep-9727 |
| institution | Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia |
| language | English en_US |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Taylor and Francis Ltd. |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | my.usim.oarep-97272024-12-07T10:17:56Z Sex estimation from reconstructed scapula models using discriminant function analysis in the Malaysian population Omar N. Mohd Ali S.H. Shafie M.S. Nik Ismail N.A. Hadi H. Ismail R. Mohd Nor F. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) discriminant function analysis forensic anthropology scapulae Sexual dimorphism Scapulae have been widely studied for its potential in differentiating sex in skeletal remains, especially when traditionally used sexually dimorphic bones were not available. The present work aimed to investigate sexual dimorphism of scapulae, and to develop and validate the population-specific metric standards of the Malaysian population using three-dimensional (3D) computed tomographic (CT) scapula models. Each scapula was measured for five variables with a digital caliper and analysed for independent T-test and discriminant analysis, where a leave-one-out cross-validation was applied. Moreover, a set of different samples (hold-out sample) was used to validate the established discriminant functions (DF). Consequently, all measurements showed significant differences between males and females (p < 0.001) and morphological breadth was discovered as the most sexually dimorphic scapulae measurements. Six DFs with classification accuracy ranging from 84.4% to 93.1% were generated. From the functions, stepwise DF predicted the highest classification accuracy. Additionally, the stepwise DF exhibited 95% classification accuracy when tested on the hold-out sample compared to univariate DFs which showed 82.5�92.5% accuracy. In conclusion, the virtual 3D scapulae models were sexually dimorphic, and the discriminant functions were significant in identifying skeletonized remains using scapulae bone in the Malaysian population. � 2019, � 2019 Australian Academy of Forensic Sciences. Article in Press 2024-05-29T01:55:37Z 2024-05-29T01:55:37Z 2019 Article 450618 10.1080/00450618.2019.1661516 2-s2.0-85071969096 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85071969096&doi=10.1080%2f00450618.2019.1661516&partnerID=40&md5=5224c7168880059958655e474ab29815 https://oarep.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/9727 AJFSB English en_US Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences Taylor and Francis Ltd. Scopus |
| spellingShingle | discriminant function analysis forensic anthropology scapulae Sexual dimorphism Omar N. Mohd Ali S.H. Shafie M.S. Nik Ismail N.A. Hadi H. Ismail R. Mohd Nor F. Sex estimation from reconstructed scapula models using discriminant function analysis in the Malaysian population |
| title | Sex estimation from reconstructed scapula models using discriminant function analysis in the Malaysian population |
| title_full | Sex estimation from reconstructed scapula models using discriminant function analysis in the Malaysian population |
| title_fullStr | Sex estimation from reconstructed scapula models using discriminant function analysis in the Malaysian population |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex estimation from reconstructed scapula models using discriminant function analysis in the Malaysian population |
| title_short | Sex estimation from reconstructed scapula models using discriminant function analysis in the Malaysian population |
| title_sort | sex estimation from reconstructed scapula models using discriminant function analysis in the malaysian population |
| topic | discriminant function analysis forensic anthropology scapulae Sexual dimorphism |
| url_provider | http://oarep.usim.edu.my/ |