Lao-3d: A Symmetric Lightweight Block Cipher Based on 3d Permutation for Mobile Encryption Application
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2024
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| author | Abdul Alif Zakaria Nur Hafiza Zakaria Maslina Daud Azni Hazlizan Ab Halim Farida Hazwani Mohd Ridzuan |
| author_facet | Abdul Alif Zakaria Nur Hafiza Zakaria Maslina Daud Azni Hazlizan Ab Halim Farida Hazwani Mohd Ridzuan |
| author_sort | Abdul Alif Zakaria |
| building | USIM Library |
| collection | Institutional Repository |
| content_provider | Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia |
| content_source | USIM Institutional Repository |
| continent | Asia |
| country | Malaysia |
| description | Indexed by Scopus |
| format | text::journal::journal article |
| id | my.usim.oarep-10607 |
| institution | Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia |
| language | en_US |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | MDPI |
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| spelling | my.usim.oarep-106072025-11-14T15:45:31Z Lao-3d: A Symmetric Lightweight Block Cipher Based on 3d Permutation for Mobile Encryption Application Abdul Alif Zakaria Nur Hafiza Zakaria Maslina Daud Azni Hazlizan Ab Halim Farida Hazwani Mohd Ridzuan 3D permutation; block cipher; cryptanalysis; Internet of Things; lightweight cryptography; mobile application; security analysis Indexed by Scopus Data transmissions between smartphone users require security solutions to protect communications. Hence, encryption is an important tool that must be associated with smartphones to keep the user’s data safe. One proven solution to enhance the security of encryption algorithms is by using 3D designs on symmetric block ciphers. Although a 3D cipher design could improve the algorithms, the existing methods enlarge the block sizes that will also expand the key sizes and encryption rounds, thus decreasing their efficiency. Therefore, we propose the LAO-3D block cipher using a 3D permutation that offers security by providing confusion and diffusion characteristics. Five security analyses were conducted to assess the strengths of LAO-3D. The findings suggest that LAO-3D achieves better results compared to other existing lightweight block ciphers, with 98.2% non-linearity, 50% bit error rates for both plaintext and key modifications, surpasses 100% of the randomness test, and is immune to differential and linear cryptanalysis attacks. Moreover, the block cipher obtains competitive performance results in software applications. From the security analyses and performance tests, it is proven that LAO-3D can provide sufficient security at low costs in mobile encryption applications. 2024-05-29T02:26:28Z 2024-05-29T02:26:28Z 2022 2023-1-27 text::journal::journal article Zakaria, A.A.; Ab Halim, A.H.; Ridzuan, F.; Zakaria, N.H.; Daud, M. LAO-3D: A Symmetric Lightweight Block Cipher Based on 3D Permutation for Mobile Encryption Application. Symmetry 2022, 14, 2042. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/sym14102042 2073-8994 10.3390/sym14102042 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/10/2042 https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85140919246&origin=resultslist&sort=plf-f&src=s&sid=3f1868111a303d5a05d758a34d75371e&sot=b&sdt=b&s=TITLE-ABS-KEY%28Lao-3d%3A+A+Symmetric+Lightweight+Block+Cipher+Based+On+3d+Permutation+For+Mobile+Encryption+Application%29&sl=151&sessionSearchId=3f1868111a303d5a05d758a34d75371e https://oarep.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/10607 20 42 14 10 en_US Symmetry application/pdf MDPI |
| spellingShingle | 3D permutation; block cipher; cryptanalysis; Internet of Things; lightweight cryptography; mobile application; security analysis Abdul Alif Zakaria Nur Hafiza Zakaria Maslina Daud Azni Hazlizan Ab Halim Farida Hazwani Mohd Ridzuan Lao-3d: A Symmetric Lightweight Block Cipher Based on 3d Permutation for Mobile Encryption Application |
| title | Lao-3d: A Symmetric Lightweight Block Cipher Based on 3d Permutation for Mobile Encryption Application |
| title_full | Lao-3d: A Symmetric Lightweight Block Cipher Based on 3d Permutation for Mobile Encryption Application |
| title_fullStr | Lao-3d: A Symmetric Lightweight Block Cipher Based on 3d Permutation for Mobile Encryption Application |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lao-3d: A Symmetric Lightweight Block Cipher Based on 3d Permutation for Mobile Encryption Application |
| title_short | Lao-3d: A Symmetric Lightweight Block Cipher Based on 3d Permutation for Mobile Encryption Application |
| title_sort | lao-3d: a symmetric lightweight block cipher based on 3d permutation for mobile encryption application |
| topic | 3D permutation; block cipher; cryptanalysis; Internet of Things; lightweight cryptography; mobile application; security analysis |
| url_provider | http://oarep.usim.edu.my/ |