In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Chaetoceros sp. Immunomodulatory Effects in Red Hybrid Tilapia, Oreochromis spp.

Diatoms are recognized as a valuable source of bioactive compounds that can stimulate the immune defense mechanisms of fish. This study aimed to assess the effects of Chaetoceros sp. in modulating the specific and non-specific immunity of red hybrid tilapia through in vitro functional assays, an in...

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Main Authors:	Cheong, Hui Ann, Christianus, Annie, de Cruz, Clement Roy, Low, Chen Fei, Lee, Po Tsang, Abdullah, Maha, Md Yusoff, Fatimah, Shaari, Khozirah, Ismail, Intan Safinar, Ng, Grrace Hui Suan, Chong, Chou Min
Format:	Article
Language:	en
Published:	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) 2026
Subjects:	Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all) Immunology and Microbiology (all) Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/125021/1/125021.pdf http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/125021/ https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/15/5/374
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