Effect of multilayer SnO2 architectures on charge transport and optical properties in triple-cation perovskite solar cells
Triple-cation halide perovskites have emerged as highly promising absorbers for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing to their excellent intrinsic optoelectronic properties. Nevertheless, challenges such as device instability and current-voltage hysteresis, often originating from hydroxyl-rich electro...
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| Language: | en |
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Elsevier
2026
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/123706/1/123706.pdf http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/123706/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925346726001060 |
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| author | Wira, Nur Farah Hanun Hong, Kai Jeat Yap, Chi Chin Chong, Kok Keong Liew, Josephine Ying Chyi Lee, Hock Beng Kang, Jae Wook Jumali, Mohammad Hafizuddin Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz Tan, Sin Tee |
| author_facet | Wira, Nur Farah Hanun Hong, Kai Jeat Yap, Chi Chin Chong, Kok Keong Liew, Josephine Ying Chyi Lee, Hock Beng Kang, Jae Wook Jumali, Mohammad Hafizuddin Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz Tan, Sin Tee |
| author_sort | Wira, Nur Farah Hanun |
| building | UPM Library |
| collection | Institutional Repository |
| content_provider | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| content_source | UPM Institutional Repository |
| continent | Asia |
| country | Malaysia |
| description | Triple-cation halide perovskites have emerged as highly promising absorbers for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing to their excellent intrinsic optoelectronic properties. Nevertheless, challenges such as device instability and current-voltage hysteresis, often originating from hydroxyl-rich electron transport layers (ETLs) like ZnO and TiO2, continue to hinder device performance. In this work, SnO2-based ETLs with different layer architectures were engineered and integrated into planar PSCs (FTO/SnO2/perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag) to mitigate these limitations. Three ETL configurations were investigated: a reference bilayer comprising one amorphous and one crystalline SnO2 layer (1A1C), a single amorphous layer with a double crystalline stack (1A2C), and a double amorphous layer with a single crystalline layer (2A1C). Comprehensive structural, optical, and photovoltaic analyses revealed that the 1A2C configuration delivered the best performance, achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.33% (VOC = 1.04 V, JSC = 15.46 mA cm−2 and FF = 71.50%), compared to 12.16% for the 1A1C reference. The superior efficiency of the 1A2C device is attributed to improved charge transport layer and suppressed carrier recombination at the ETL/perovskite interface, arising from optimized ETL architecture. This study demonstrates a simple yet effective route for enhancing PSC efficiency and stability, offering valuable insights for advancing perovskite device engineering. |
| format | Article |
| id | my.upm.eprints-123706 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | my.upm.eprints-1237062026-04-13T01:33:40Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/123706/ Effect of multilayer SnO2 architectures on charge transport and optical properties in triple-cation perovskite solar cells Wira, Nur Farah Hanun Hong, Kai Jeat Yap, Chi Chin Chong, Kok Keong Liew, Josephine Ying Chyi Lee, Hock Beng Kang, Jae Wook Jumali, Mohammad Hafizuddin Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz Tan, Sin Tee Triple-cation halide perovskites have emerged as highly promising absorbers for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing to their excellent intrinsic optoelectronic properties. Nevertheless, challenges such as device instability and current-voltage hysteresis, often originating from hydroxyl-rich electron transport layers (ETLs) like ZnO and TiO2, continue to hinder device performance. In this work, SnO2-based ETLs with different layer architectures were engineered and integrated into planar PSCs (FTO/SnO2/perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag) to mitigate these limitations. Three ETL configurations were investigated: a reference bilayer comprising one amorphous and one crystalline SnO2 layer (1A1C), a single amorphous layer with a double crystalline stack (1A2C), and a double amorphous layer with a single crystalline layer (2A1C). Comprehensive structural, optical, and photovoltaic analyses revealed that the 1A2C configuration delivered the best performance, achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.33% (VOC = 1.04 V, JSC = 15.46 mA cm−2 and FF = 71.50%), compared to 12.16% for the 1A1C reference. The superior efficiency of the 1A2C device is attributed to improved charge transport layer and suppressed carrier recombination at the ETL/perovskite interface, arising from optimized ETL architecture. This study demonstrates a simple yet effective route for enhancing PSC efficiency and stability, offering valuable insights for advancing perovskite device engineering. Elsevier 2026-02-12 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/123706/1/123706.pdf Wira, Nur Farah Hanun and Hong, Kai Jeat and Yap, Chi Chin and Chong, Kok Keong and Liew, Josephine Ying Chyi and Lee, Hock Beng and Kang, Jae Wook and Jumali, Mohammad Hafizuddin and Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz and Tan, Sin Tee (2026) Effect of multilayer SnO2 architectures on charge transport and optical properties in triple-cation perovskite solar cells. Optical Materials, 174. art. no. 117947. pp. 1-10. ISSN 0925-3467 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925346726001060 Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics Spectroscopy 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117947 |
| spellingShingle | Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics Spectroscopy Wira, Nur Farah Hanun Hong, Kai Jeat Yap, Chi Chin Chong, Kok Keong Liew, Josephine Ying Chyi Lee, Hock Beng Kang, Jae Wook Jumali, Mohammad Hafizuddin Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz Tan, Sin Tee Effect of multilayer SnO2 architectures on charge transport and optical properties in triple-cation perovskite solar cells |
| title | Effect of multilayer SnO2 architectures on charge transport and optical properties in triple-cation perovskite solar cells |
| title_full | Effect of multilayer SnO2 architectures on charge transport and optical properties in triple-cation perovskite solar cells |
| title_fullStr | Effect of multilayer SnO2 architectures on charge transport and optical properties in triple-cation perovskite solar cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of multilayer SnO2 architectures on charge transport and optical properties in triple-cation perovskite solar cells |
| title_short | Effect of multilayer SnO2 architectures on charge transport and optical properties in triple-cation perovskite solar cells |
| title_sort | effect of multilayer sno2 architectures on charge transport and optical properties in triple-cation perovskite solar cells |
| topic | Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics Spectroscopy |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/123706/1/123706.pdf http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/123706/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925346726001060 |
| url_provider | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/ |