Role of annealing duration on grain distribution and fracture mechanisms in Zn–Mn alloy
The transition of inherently brittle materials to a ductile-plastic state is a persistent challenge in HCP alloy design. This work demonstrates a tailored thermomechanical processing route that successfully achieves this transition in a Zn-Mn alloy. An optimal schedule comprising 3 h homogenisation...
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Elsevier
2026
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/123700/1/123700.pdf http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/123700/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925838826010303 |
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| author | Chan, Kar Fei Ng, Cong Li Nazrim, Batrisyia Balqis Hasrul Yaakob, Yazid Miyazaki, Hidetoshi Tanemura, Masaki Kim, Dae Woong Hong, Seong Gu Mohd Yusop, Mohd Zamri |
| author_facet | Chan, Kar Fei Ng, Cong Li Nazrim, Batrisyia Balqis Hasrul Yaakob, Yazid Miyazaki, Hidetoshi Tanemura, Masaki Kim, Dae Woong Hong, Seong Gu Mohd Yusop, Mohd Zamri |
| author_sort | Chan, Kar Fei |
| building | UPM Library |
| collection | Institutional Repository |
| content_provider | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| content_source | UPM Institutional Repository |
| continent | Asia |
| country | Malaysia |
| description | The transition of inherently brittle materials to a ductile-plastic state is a persistent challenge in HCP alloy design. This work demonstrates a tailored thermomechanical processing route that successfully achieves this transition in a Zn-Mn alloy. An optimal schedule comprising 3 h homogenisation at 390 °C followed by 3 h annealing at 400 °C for a Zn-2.4Mn alloy produces a refined microstructure, a reducing grain size from 263.3 μm in the as-cast alloy to 45.0 μm in the annealed alloys. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms a 2.09 % lattice volume expansion and a 23 % reduction in dislocation density, indicative of a dominant recovery process counterbalanced by solute-induced strain. This ‘constrained recovery’ state yields a superior strength–ductility synergy: the bulk tensile modulus increases to 46.9 GPa, while nanoindentation hardness reduces to 1.06 MPa. The balance between discontinuous dynamic recrystallisation (DDRX), solid-solution strengthening, and controlled intermetallic formation is shown to govern the final mechanical properties. The established processing window provides a validated pathway for manufacturing components requiring damage tolerance, with direct applicability in precision-cast structural and bioresorbable systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | my.upm.eprints-123700 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | my.upm.eprints-1237002026-04-13T01:37:17Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/123700/ Role of annealing duration on grain distribution and fracture mechanisms in Zn–Mn alloy Chan, Kar Fei Ng, Cong Li Nazrim, Batrisyia Balqis Hasrul Yaakob, Yazid Miyazaki, Hidetoshi Tanemura, Masaki Kim, Dae Woong Hong, Seong Gu Mohd Yusop, Mohd Zamri The transition of inherently brittle materials to a ductile-plastic state is a persistent challenge in HCP alloy design. This work demonstrates a tailored thermomechanical processing route that successfully achieves this transition in a Zn-Mn alloy. An optimal schedule comprising 3 h homogenisation at 390 °C followed by 3 h annealing at 400 °C for a Zn-2.4Mn alloy produces a refined microstructure, a reducing grain size from 263.3 μm in the as-cast alloy to 45.0 μm in the annealed alloys. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms a 2.09 % lattice volume expansion and a 23 % reduction in dislocation density, indicative of a dominant recovery process counterbalanced by solute-induced strain. This ‘constrained recovery’ state yields a superior strength–ductility synergy: the bulk tensile modulus increases to 46.9 GPa, while nanoindentation hardness reduces to 1.06 MPa. The balance between discontinuous dynamic recrystallisation (DDRX), solid-solution strengthening, and controlled intermetallic formation is shown to govern the final mechanical properties. The established processing window provides a validated pathway for manufacturing components requiring damage tolerance, with direct applicability in precision-cast structural and bioresorbable systems. Elsevier 2026-02-20 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/123700/1/123700.pdf Chan, Kar Fei and Ng, Cong Li and Nazrim, Batrisyia Balqis Hasrul and Yaakob, Yazid and Miyazaki, Hidetoshi and Tanemura, Masaki and Kim, Dae Woong and Hong, Seong Gu and Mohd Yusop, Mohd Zamri (2026) Role of annealing duration on grain distribution and fracture mechanisms in Zn–Mn alloy. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 1058. art. no. 186962. pp. 1-13. ISSN 0925-8388; eISSN: 0925-8388 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925838826010303 Mechanics of Materials Mechanical Engineering Metals and Alloys 10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186962 |
| spellingShingle | Mechanics of Materials Mechanical Engineering Metals and Alloys Chan, Kar Fei Ng, Cong Li Nazrim, Batrisyia Balqis Hasrul Yaakob, Yazid Miyazaki, Hidetoshi Tanemura, Masaki Kim, Dae Woong Hong, Seong Gu Mohd Yusop, Mohd Zamri Role of annealing duration on grain distribution and fracture mechanisms in Zn–Mn alloy |
| title | Role of annealing duration on grain distribution and fracture mechanisms in Zn–Mn alloy |
| title_full | Role of annealing duration on grain distribution and fracture mechanisms in Zn–Mn alloy |
| title_fullStr | Role of annealing duration on grain distribution and fracture mechanisms in Zn–Mn alloy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of annealing duration on grain distribution and fracture mechanisms in Zn–Mn alloy |
| title_short | Role of annealing duration on grain distribution and fracture mechanisms in Zn–Mn alloy |
| title_sort | role of annealing duration on grain distribution and fracture mechanisms in zn–mn alloy |
| topic | Mechanics of Materials Mechanical Engineering Metals and Alloys |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/123700/1/123700.pdf http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/123700/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925838826010303 |
| url_provider | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/ |