Characterization and Absorption Test of Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for Potential Use in Oil Spill Clean-Up
Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is among the major agricultural waste from the oil palm industry, but its cellulose extract has the potential to clean up hazardous and large-scale oil spills. This research aims to extract cellulose from the oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber and study the water absorption rat...
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Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
2025
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| author | Afandi N.F. Tan A.W.-Y. Mariappan P. Mahalingam S. Manap A. |
| author2 | 57189231851 |
| author_facet | 57189231851 Afandi N.F. Tan A.W.-Y. Mariappan P. Mahalingam S. Manap A. |
| author_sort | Afandi N.F. |
| building | UNITEN Library |
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| content_provider | Universiti Tenaga Nasional |
| content_source | UNITEN Institutional Repository |
| continent | Asia |
| country | Malaysia |
| description | Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is among the major agricultural waste from the oil palm industry, but its cellulose extract has the potential to clean up hazardous and large-scale oil spills. This research aims to extract cellulose from the oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber and study the water absorption rate of the cellulose. First, extraction processes were conducted using 15% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 10% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Then, the morphology of empty fruit bunch fiber, crystalline index, and phase identification was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-Ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The extracted cellulose was found to have a smaller diameter (8?50��m). Alkaline treatment assisted in the removal of hemicellulose, while bleaching aided in the removal of lignin and discoloration. As a result, the extracted cellulose showed a high crystalline index of 30.67%. Moreover, the water absorption rate of the extracted cellulose is calculated, and the maximum water absorption rate of the extracted cellulose was recorded at 269.50%. Hence, this research provides an efficient method for extracting cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber and the highest yield of water absorption from the extracted cellulose, primarily used as aerogel in oil spill cleaning. ? The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. |
| format | Conference paper |
| id | my.uniten.dspace-37085 |
| institution | Universiti Tenaga Nasional |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | my.uniten.dspace-370852025-03-03T15:47:19Z Characterization and Absorption Test of Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for Potential Use in Oil Spill Clean-Up Afandi N.F. Tan A.W.-Y. Mariappan P. Mahalingam S. Manap A. 57189231851 56177750900 58985653200 55434075500 57200642155 Aerogels Extraction Fruits Scanning Electron Microscopy Sodium Hydroxide Water Absorption Aerogels Agricultural wastes Extraction Fruits Oil spills Palm oil Scanning electron microscopy Sodium hydroxide Water absorption Absorption rates Absorption tests Characterization tests Crystalline index Crystalline phasis Empty fruit bunches Extraction process Large-scales Oil palm Water absorption rates Cellulose Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is among the major agricultural waste from the oil palm industry, but its cellulose extract has the potential to clean up hazardous and large-scale oil spills. This research aims to extract cellulose from the oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber and study the water absorption rate of the cellulose. First, extraction processes were conducted using 15% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 10% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Then, the morphology of empty fruit bunch fiber, crystalline index, and phase identification was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-Ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The extracted cellulose was found to have a smaller diameter (8?50��m). Alkaline treatment assisted in the removal of hemicellulose, while bleaching aided in the removal of lignin and discoloration. As a result, the extracted cellulose showed a high crystalline index of 30.67%. Moreover, the water absorption rate of the extracted cellulose is calculated, and the maximum water absorption rate of the extracted cellulose was recorded at 269.50%. Hence, this research provides an efficient method for extracting cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber and the highest yield of water absorption from the extracted cellulose, primarily used as aerogel in oil spill cleaning. ? The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. Final 2025-03-03T07:47:19Z 2025-03-03T07:47:19Z 2024 Conference paper 10.1007/978-981-99-9833-3_19 2-s2.0-85190364283 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85190364283&doi=10.1007%2f978-981-99-9833-3_19&partnerID=40&md5=daa78a675ff0fae2ae3da7ba3d31585e https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/37085 1142 271 280 Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH Scopus |
| spellingShingle | Aerogels Extraction Fruits Scanning Electron Microscopy Sodium Hydroxide Water Absorption Aerogels Agricultural wastes Extraction Fruits Oil spills Palm oil Scanning electron microscopy Sodium hydroxide Water absorption Absorption rates Absorption tests Characterization tests Crystalline index Crystalline phasis Empty fruit bunches Extraction process Large-scales Oil palm Water absorption rates Cellulose Afandi N.F. Tan A.W.-Y. Mariappan P. Mahalingam S. Manap A. Characterization and Absorption Test of Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for Potential Use in Oil Spill Clean-Up |
| title | Characterization and Absorption Test of Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for Potential Use in Oil Spill Clean-Up |
| title_full | Characterization and Absorption Test of Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for Potential Use in Oil Spill Clean-Up |
| title_fullStr | Characterization and Absorption Test of Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for Potential Use in Oil Spill Clean-Up |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization and Absorption Test of Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for Potential Use in Oil Spill Clean-Up |
| title_short | Characterization and Absorption Test of Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for Potential Use in Oil Spill Clean-Up |
| title_sort | characterization and absorption test of cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch for potential use in oil spill clean-up |
| topic | Aerogels Extraction Fruits Scanning Electron Microscopy Sodium Hydroxide Water Absorption Aerogels Agricultural wastes Extraction Fruits Oil spills Palm oil Scanning electron microscopy Sodium hydroxide Water absorption Absorption rates Absorption tests Characterization tests Crystalline index Crystalline phasis Empty fruit bunches Extraction process Large-scales Oil palm Water absorption rates Cellulose |
| url_provider | http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/ |