Effect of Ultrasonication Duration and Temperature on the Stability and Viscosity of MXene/Water Nanofluid
Despite some encouraging results that nanofluids offer to the scientific community, several challenges remain before their widespread adoption in industry. One significant challenge is the stability of nanofluids, which can lead to nanoparticle aggregation and affect viscosity. Ultrasonication is a...
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Malaysian Institute of Chemistry
2025
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| author | Malek N.A. Ab Razak N.N. Masuri S.U. Saidur R. Tan K. Jaafar C.N.A. Supeni E.E. |
| author2 | 36994735300 |
| author_facet | 36994735300 Malek N.A. Ab Razak N.N. Masuri S.U. Saidur R. Tan K. Jaafar C.N.A. Supeni E.E. |
| author_sort | Malek N.A. |
| building | UNITEN Library |
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| content_provider | Universiti Tenaga Nasional |
| content_source | UNITEN Institutional Repository |
| continent | Asia |
| country | Malaysia |
| description | Despite some encouraging results that nanofluids offer to the scientific community, several challenges remain before their widespread adoption in industry. One significant challenge is the stability of nanofluids, which can lead to nanoparticle aggregation and affect viscosity. Ultrasonication is a common method used to disperse nanoparticles in base fluids. Therefore, the main aim of this work is to investigate the effect of ultrasonication duration and temperature on the stability and viscosity of MXenes (Ti3C2Tx)/water nanofluids. A nanofluid containing 0.05 wt% MXenes (Ti3C2Tx)/water was formulated by adopting three different ultrasonication durations, namely 60, 90 and 120 minutes. The Zeta potential value was used as an indicator of their stability. In conjunction with visual inspections, the stability of the samples was examined on Day 1, 7 and 30 after the nanofluids? formulation. On Day 1, optimal stability was observed in nanofluids ultrasonicated for 90 minutes at the respective temperature, with moderate Zeta potential values exceeding -30 mV. However, stability decreased over time across all cases. Extending the ultrasonication duration to 120 minutes resulted in higher nanofluid?s viscosity. The temperature variations from 20 to 60�C did not show similar trend of the stability for some cases, potentially indicating particle agglomeration with changing temperatures. Hence, more investigations were suggested to get more information of the nanofluids, such as characterization techniques using microscopy. The stability could also be improved via other methods, such as integrating surfactants, varying pH level and nanoparticles concentration, and modifying nanoparticle surfaces and base fluid. ? 2024 Malaysian Institute of Chemistry. All rights reserved. |
| format | Article |
| id | my.uniten.dspace-37071 |
| institution | Universiti Tenaga Nasional |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Malaysian Institute of Chemistry |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | my.uniten.dspace-370712025-03-03T15:47:11Z Effect of Ultrasonication Duration and Temperature on the Stability and Viscosity of MXene/Water Nanofluid Malek N.A. Ab Razak N.N. Masuri S.U. Saidur R. Tan K. Jaafar C.N.A. Supeni E.E. 36994735300 59202053400 24437439900 6602374364 37020505900 23389145900 34972072900 Despite some encouraging results that nanofluids offer to the scientific community, several challenges remain before their widespread adoption in industry. One significant challenge is the stability of nanofluids, which can lead to nanoparticle aggregation and affect viscosity. Ultrasonication is a common method used to disperse nanoparticles in base fluids. Therefore, the main aim of this work is to investigate the effect of ultrasonication duration and temperature on the stability and viscosity of MXenes (Ti3C2Tx)/water nanofluids. A nanofluid containing 0.05 wt% MXenes (Ti3C2Tx)/water was formulated by adopting three different ultrasonication durations, namely 60, 90 and 120 minutes. The Zeta potential value was used as an indicator of their stability. In conjunction with visual inspections, the stability of the samples was examined on Day 1, 7 and 30 after the nanofluids? formulation. On Day 1, optimal stability was observed in nanofluids ultrasonicated for 90 minutes at the respective temperature, with moderate Zeta potential values exceeding -30 mV. However, stability decreased over time across all cases. Extending the ultrasonication duration to 120 minutes resulted in higher nanofluid?s viscosity. The temperature variations from 20 to 60�C did not show similar trend of the stability for some cases, potentially indicating particle agglomeration with changing temperatures. Hence, more investigations were suggested to get more information of the nanofluids, such as characterization techniques using microscopy. The stability could also be improved via other methods, such as integrating surfactants, varying pH level and nanoparticles concentration, and modifying nanoparticle surfaces and base fluid. ? 2024 Malaysian Institute of Chemistry. All rights reserved. Final 2025-03-03T07:47:11Z 2025-03-03T07:47:11Z 2024 Article 10.55373/mjchem.v26i3.112 2-s2.0-85197401390 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85197401390&doi=10.55373%2fmjchem.v26i3.112&partnerID=40&md5=9331421255c7511e209af7498fc6754a https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/37071 26 3 112 126 Malaysian Institute of Chemistry Scopus |
| spellingShingle | Malek N.A. Ab Razak N.N. Masuri S.U. Saidur R. Tan K. Jaafar C.N.A. Supeni E.E. Effect of Ultrasonication Duration and Temperature on the Stability and Viscosity of MXene/Water Nanofluid |
| title | Effect of Ultrasonication Duration and Temperature on the Stability and Viscosity of MXene/Water Nanofluid |
| title_full | Effect of Ultrasonication Duration and Temperature on the Stability and Viscosity of MXene/Water Nanofluid |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Ultrasonication Duration and Temperature on the Stability and Viscosity of MXene/Water Nanofluid |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Ultrasonication Duration and Temperature on the Stability and Viscosity of MXene/Water Nanofluid |
| title_short | Effect of Ultrasonication Duration and Temperature on the Stability and Viscosity of MXene/Water Nanofluid |
| title_sort | effect of ultrasonication duration and temperature on the stability and viscosity of mxene/water nanofluid |
| url_provider | http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/ |