Utilization of Core Oil Palm Trunk Waste to Methyl Levulinate: Physical and Chemical Characterizations
Biofuels; Blending; Cellulose; Chlorine compounds; High performance liquid chromatography; Liquid sugar; Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Palm oil; Bio-chemicals; Chemical characterization; Extraction method; Free sugar; Lignocellulosic wastes; Methyl levulinate; Oil palm trunk wastes; Oil p...
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Springer Netherlands
2023
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| _version_ | 1833410670863843328 |
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| author | Abu Jahar N. Pua F.-L. Chyi W.J. Mostapha M. Zakaria S. Chia C.H. Syed Jaafar S.N. |
| author2 | 57195670905 |
| author_facet | 57195670905 Abu Jahar N. Pua F.-L. Chyi W.J. Mostapha M. Zakaria S. Chia C.H. Syed Jaafar S.N. |
| author_sort | Abu Jahar N. |
| building | UNITEN Library |
| collection | Institutional Repository |
| content_provider | Universiti Tenaga Nasional |
| content_source | UNITEN Institutional Repository |
| continent | Asia |
| country | Malaysia |
| description | Biofuels; Blending; Cellulose; Chlorine compounds; High performance liquid chromatography; Liquid sugar; Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Palm oil; Bio-chemicals; Chemical characterization; Extraction method; Free sugar; Lignocellulosic wastes; Methyl levulinate; Oil palm trunk wastes; Oil palm trunks; Extraction |
| format | Article |
| id | my.uniten.dspace-24742 |
| institution | Universiti Tenaga Nasional |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Springer Netherlands |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | my.uniten.dspace-247422023-05-29T15:26:31Z Utilization of Core Oil Palm Trunk Waste to Methyl Levulinate: Physical and Chemical Characterizations Abu Jahar N. Pua F.-L. Chyi W.J. Mostapha M. Zakaria S. Chia C.H. Syed Jaafar S.N. 57195670905 36024192100 57195673830 57193528958 57221760347 57215089308 25722192000 Biofuels; Blending; Cellulose; Chlorine compounds; High performance liquid chromatography; Liquid sugar; Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Palm oil; Bio-chemicals; Chemical characterization; Extraction method; Free sugar; Lignocellulosic wastes; Methyl levulinate; Oil palm trunk wastes; Oil palm trunks; Extraction Core oil palm trunk (COPT) is a lignocellulosic waste that poses as an alternative carbon source in bio-chemical and bio-fuel production. The bulk of free sugar present in its sap renders COPT as a potential starting material in the synthesis of methyl levulinate (ML). In this study, the effect of different sap extractions on COPT and synthesised methyl levulinate respectively was analysed. COPT sap was extracted using two different methods of blending and pressing, followed by the methanolysis reaction. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results for both extraction methods have revealed that glucose is the primary sugar found in the sap. However, the total sugar concentration obtained from the pressing extraction method was found to be higher at 22.14�g/L, compared to blending extraction method at 20.23�g/L. Meanwhile, synthesized methyl levulinate was identified from the methanolysis of COPT sap in all type of catalysts (i.e. 0.5�M HCl, 1�M HCl, 0.5�M H 2 SO 4 and 1�M H 2 SO 4 ). It is worth noting that the isolated and highest concentration of methyl levulinate was obtained when catalysed by 1�M H 2 SO 4 and can be clearly seen on the NMR spectrum. � 2017, Springer Science+Business Media B.V. Final 2023-05-29T07:26:31Z 2023-05-29T07:26:31Z 2019 Article 10.1007/s12649-017-0085-9 2-s2.0-85029541296 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029541296&doi=10.1007%2fs12649-017-0085-9&partnerID=40&md5=68b8307ca666d19cddfb7cc27aed5653 https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/24742 10 3 655 660 Springer Netherlands Scopus |
| spellingShingle | Abu Jahar N. Pua F.-L. Chyi W.J. Mostapha M. Zakaria S. Chia C.H. Syed Jaafar S.N. Utilization of Core Oil Palm Trunk Waste to Methyl Levulinate: Physical and Chemical Characterizations |
| title | Utilization of Core Oil Palm Trunk Waste to Methyl Levulinate: Physical and Chemical Characterizations |
| title_full | Utilization of Core Oil Palm Trunk Waste to Methyl Levulinate: Physical and Chemical Characterizations |
| title_fullStr | Utilization of Core Oil Palm Trunk Waste to Methyl Levulinate: Physical and Chemical Characterizations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Utilization of Core Oil Palm Trunk Waste to Methyl Levulinate: Physical and Chemical Characterizations |
| title_short | Utilization of Core Oil Palm Trunk Waste to Methyl Levulinate: Physical and Chemical Characterizations |
| title_sort | utilization of core oil palm trunk waste to methyl levulinate: physical and chemical characterizations |
| url_provider | http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/ |