Optimization of Mechanical Properties in Sago Cellulose-based Biodegradable Films for Sustainable Packaging
Environmental concerns over plastic waste have accelerated research into biodegradable packaging. This study optimizes the mechanical properties of sago cellulose-based films using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a Central Composite Design (CCD). The key formulation factors investigated incl...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
The Italian Association of Chemical Engineering
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/50585/1/cet_Fattura%2025-1021.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/50585/ https://www.cetjournal.it/index.php/cet/issue/archive |
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| Summary: | Environmental concerns over plastic waste have accelerated research into biodegradable packaging. This study optimizes the mechanical properties of sago cellulose-based films using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a Central Composite Design (CCD). The key formulation factors investigated include glycerol content, pre-treated sago waste (PSW) content, and alkali treatment concentration, which significantly influence the film’s elongation at break (EAB), tensile strength (TS), and Young’s modulus (YM). The model developed demonstrated a strong correlation with an R² value of more than 0.5, confirming the model's adequacy. The optimized biofilm formulation achieved 12.547 MPa in TS, 100.421 % in EAB, and 97.499 MPa in YM, indicating a balance between strength and flexibility. The findings suggest that sago cellulose-based films have strong potential as sustainable packaging materials, offering an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic plastics. |
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