Biochar-based slow/controlled-release fertilizer for sustainable agriculture : Recent advances, challenges and future prospects.
The excessive and inappropriate use of conventional fertilizer with high solubility leads to low nutrient use efficiency and environmental pollution through leaching, volatilization and surface runoff. Thus, slow/ controlled-release fertilizer is urgently sought-after to mitigate environmental har...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/49258/2/Biochar-based%20slow%20controlled-release%20fertilizer%20-%20Copy.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/49258/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213343725035225 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2025.118826 |
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| Summary: | The excessive and inappropriate use of conventional fertilizer with high solubility leads to low nutrient use
efficiency and environmental pollution through leaching, volatilization and surface runoff. Thus, slow/
controlled-release fertilizer is urgently sought-after to mitigate environmental harm while alleviating crop
production. Recently, biopolymer encapsulated biochar-based slow/controlled-release fertilizer has gained much
interest due to its environmentally friendly nature and potential in supplying nutrients at a slower rate. This
paper provided a comprehensive review of the nutrient loading capacity of various pristine biochar and modified
biochar, and outlined three major fabrication processes (as nutrient carrier, additive and encapsulating material)
of biochar-based slow/controlled-release fertilizer. This paper also evaluated the slow-release mechanism, effect
of fertilizer on soil properties and plant growth as well as the recent advances on economic assessment. The
formulation and modification methods of biopolymer were extensively discussed, and the effect of modification
on the properties of biopolymer such as porosity, biodegradability, tensile strength, water resistibility and water solubility were also highlighted. An insight into the fertilization strategy including fertilizer coupled with
placement method or pristine biochar was provided. This paper outlined the recent advances and future directions
of biochar-based slow/controlled-release fertilizer for sustainable agriculture. |
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