Underwater fiber laser removal of synthetically cultured Caulobacter crescentus biofilms on aluminium using response surface methodology

Biofouling can be considered the accumulation of microorganisms and other organisms on submerged surfaces. It poses operational and economic challenges across marine, industrial, and freshwater systems. Despite its relevance, freshwater biofilm removal remains understudied compared to marine biofou...

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Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Hawa, Ringkai, Khairul Fikri, Tamrin, Ngui Sing, Ngieng, Abdullah, Yassin, Awang Ahmad Sallehin, Awang Husaini, Jamil, Musel
Format:	Article
Language:	en
Published:	Springer Nature Limited 2025
Subjects:	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Online Access:	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/48876/1/Underwater_fiber_laser.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/48876/ https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-11455-3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11455-3
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