Bioinformatics Considerations and Approaches for High-Density Linkage Mapping in Aquaculture
Construction of genetic linkage maps is essential for genetic and genomic studies. As such, linkage maps have been constructed for a number of aquaculture species. Recent advances in sequencing and genotyping technologies have made it possible to generate high-density and high-resolution genetic...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/handle/123456789/21880 |
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| Summary: | Construction of genetic linkage maps is essential for genetic and genomic studies. As
such, linkage maps have been constructed for a number of aquaculture species. Recent
advances in sequencing and genotyping technologies have made it possible to generate
high-density and high-resolution genetic linkage maps. However, the use of large
numbers of molecular markers have also brought greater challenges for linkage analysis.
In this chapter, we provide a practical introduction to genetic linkage mapping, and
describe map construction procedures using large numbers of markers. Our experience
and lessons learned should be helpful for those who are facing similar challenges.
Genetics as a branch of science has a relative short history of less than 160 years. It
started in the mid-1800s, when Gregor Johann Mendel conducted a series of experiments
with the inheritance of a number of traits in peas. Through observations of
phenotypes and analysis of the distribution of phenotypes among individuals in different
generations, Mendel established his groundbreaking principles of inheritance, the
so-called Mendel’s laws, which included the lawof segregation (the “First Law”), the law
of independent assortment (the “Second Law”), and the law of dominance (the “Third
Law”). The law of segregation states that, during gamete formation, the alleles for each
gene segregate fromeach other, so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene;
the law of independent assortment states that genes for different traits segregate independently
during the formation of gametes; and the law of dominance states that some
alleles are dominant, while others are recessive, and that recessive alleles are masked by
dominant alleles (Bateson &Mendel, 1909; Miko, 2008).These principles of inheritance
set the foundation for genetics. However, considering what is known today as genetic
linkage, it can be inferred that Mendel was only partially correct, since genes next to
each other, because of their linkage, most often do not segregate independently. |
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