Genome-wide association and genomic selection in aquaculture
Recent advancements in genomic technologies have led to the discovery and application of DNA-markers [e.g. single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] for the genetic improvement of several aquaculture species. The identification of specific genomic regions associated with economically important trai...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
John wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/handle/123456789/21755 |
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| Summary: | Recent advancements in genomic technologies have led to the discovery and
application of DNA-markers [e.g. single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] for the
genetic improvement of several aquaculture species. The identification of specific
genomic regions associated with economically important traits, using, for example,
genome-wide association studies (GWAS), has allowed the discovery and incorporation
of markers linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) into aquaculture breeding
programs through marker-assisted selection (MAS). However, most of the traits of
economic relevance are expected to be controlled by many QTLs, each one explaining
only a small proportion of the genetic variation. For traits under polygenic control,
prediction of the genetic merit of animals based on the sum of effects at positions
across the entire genome (i.e. genomic estimated breeding values, GEBV, which are
used for what has become known as genomic selection), has been demonstrated to
speed the rate of genetic gain for several traits in aquaculture breeding. The aim of
this review was to provide an overview of the development and application of genomic
technologies in uncovering the genetic basis of complex traits and accelerating
the genetic progress in aquaculture species, as well as providing future perspectives
about the deployment of novel molecular technologies for selective breeding in coming
years. |
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