Assessing strategies to minimize unintended fitness consequences of aquaculture on wild populations
Artificial propagation programs focused on production, such as commercial aquaculture or forestry, entail strong domestication selection. Spillover from such programs can cause unintended fitness and demographic consequences for wild conspecifics. The range of possible management practices to min...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/handle/123456789/21522 |
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| Summary: | Artificial propagation programs focused on production, such as commercial
aquaculture or forestry, entail strong domestication selection. Spillover from such
programs can cause unintended fitness and demographic consequences for wild
conspecifics. The range of possible management practices to minimize such consequences
vary in their control of genetic and demographic processes. Here, we
use a model of coupled genetic and demographic dynamics to evaluate alternative
management approaches to minimizing unintended consequences of aquaculture
escapees. We find that, if strong natural selection occurs between escape and
reproduction, an extremely maladapted (i.e., nonlocal-origin, highly domesticated)
stock could have fitness consequences analogous to a weakly diverged cultured
stock; otherwise, wild population fitness declines with increasing
maladaptation in the cultured stock. Reducing escapees through low-level leakage
is more effective than reducing an analogous number of escapees from large, rare
pulses. This result arises because low-level leakage leads to the continual lowering
of wild population fitness and subsequent increased proportional contribution of
maladapted cultured escapees to the total population. Increased sterilization efficacy
can cause rapid, nonlinear reductions in unintended fitness consequences.
Finally, sensitivity to the stage of escape indicates a need for improved monitoring
data on how the number of escapees varies across life cycle stages. |
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