Solubility of Rosmarinic Acid in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction from Orthosiphon stamineus Leaves
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is present in a broad variety of plants, including those in the Lamiaceae family, and has a wide range of pharmacological effects, particularly antioxidant activity. To extract RA from Orthosiphon stamineus (OS) leaves, a Lamiaceae plant, a suitable extraction process is necessa...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en en |
| Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/34230/1/FULL%20TEXT.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/34230/2/ABSTRACT.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/34230/ https://www.mdpi.com/2305-7084/6/4/59/htm http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering6040059 |
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| Summary: | Rosmarinic acid (RA) is present in a broad variety of plants, including those in the Lamiaceae family, and has a wide range of pharmacological effects, particularly antioxidant activity. To extract RA from Orthosiphon stamineus (OS) leaves, a Lamiaceae plant, a suitable extraction process is necessary. The present study used a green extraction method of supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2 ) extraction with the addition of ethanol as a modifier to objectively measure and correlate the solubility of RA from OS leaves. The solubility of RA in SCCO2 was determined using a dynamic extraction approach, and the solubility data were correlated using three density-based semi-empirical models developed by Chrastil, del Valle-Aguilera, and Gonzalez. Temperatures of 40, 60, and 80 ◦C and pressures of 10, 20, and 30 MPa were used in the experiments. The maximum RA solubility was found at 80 ◦C and 10 MPa with 2.004 mg of rosmarinic acid/L solvent. The RA solubility data correlated strongly with the three semi-empirical models with less than 10% AARD. Furthermore, the fastest RA extraction rate of 0.0061 mg/g min−1 was recorded at 80 ◦C and 10 MPa, and the correlation using the Patricelli model was in strong agreement with experimental results with less than 15% AARD. |
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