Nanocellulose dissolution in green solvents: Enhancing carrageenan biocomposites for sustainable hard capsule production

This study investigates the dissolution of nanocellulose in a green choline chloride glycerol-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) to enhance the performance of carrageenan biocomposites for pharmaceutical applications. It is hypothesized that varying the hydrogen bond donor (HBD) ratio (glycerol) of t...

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Main Authors: Okwuwa, Chigozie Charity, Fatmawati, Adam, Ries, Michael E.
Format: Article
Language:en
Published: Springer Netherlands 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45021/1/Nanocellulose%20dissolution%20in%20green%20solvents.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45021/
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-025-06474-2
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author Okwuwa, Chigozie Charity
Fatmawati, Adam
Ries, Michael E.
author_facet Okwuwa, Chigozie Charity
Fatmawati, Adam
Ries, Michael E.
author_sort Okwuwa, Chigozie Charity
building UMPSA Library
collection Institutional Repository
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah
content_source UMPSA Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
description This study investigates the dissolution of nanocellulose in a green choline chloride glycerol-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) to enhance the performance of carrageenan biocomposites for pharmaceutical applications. It is hypothesized that varying the hydrogen bond donor (HBD) ratio (glycerol) of the DES from 1:1 to 1:4 significantly enhanced the dissolution of nanocellulose, which is critical for improving the properties of the resulting biocomposite. Structural analyses showed that the optimal HBD ratio of the DES maximized nanocellulose dissolution, confirmed by X-ray Diffraction and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy, which demonstrated structural modifications and hydrogen bond breakdown. Thermal analysis indicated that the reinforced carrageenan biocomposite film and hard capsules exhibited enhanced thermal stability, with a higher degradation temperature of 245 °C and improved mechanical strength, as well as high tensile strength and capsule loop strength. It is suggested that the dissolution mechanism involves the disruption of hydrogen bonds in cellulose crystalline structure by the HBD in DES and promotes uniform integration within the carrageenan matrix. By tailoring DES composition to achieve dissolution and performance characteristics in industrial applications, this study offers a green and sustainable approach to enhance the functional properties of carrageenan biocomposites, advancing their potential use in environmentally friendly and high-performance pharmaceutical materials.
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spelling my.ump.umpir-450212025-07-07T01:40:08Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45021/ Nanocellulose dissolution in green solvents: Enhancing carrageenan biocomposites for sustainable hard capsule production Okwuwa, Chigozie Charity Fatmawati, Adam Ries, Michael E. RS Pharmacy and materia medica TP Chemical technology This study investigates the dissolution of nanocellulose in a green choline chloride glycerol-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) to enhance the performance of carrageenan biocomposites for pharmaceutical applications. It is hypothesized that varying the hydrogen bond donor (HBD) ratio (glycerol) of the DES from 1:1 to 1:4 significantly enhanced the dissolution of nanocellulose, which is critical for improving the properties of the resulting biocomposite. Structural analyses showed that the optimal HBD ratio of the DES maximized nanocellulose dissolution, confirmed by X-ray Diffraction and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy, which demonstrated structural modifications and hydrogen bond breakdown. Thermal analysis indicated that the reinforced carrageenan biocomposite film and hard capsules exhibited enhanced thermal stability, with a higher degradation temperature of 245 °C and improved mechanical strength, as well as high tensile strength and capsule loop strength. It is suggested that the dissolution mechanism involves the disruption of hydrogen bonds in cellulose crystalline structure by the HBD in DES and promotes uniform integration within the carrageenan matrix. By tailoring DES composition to achieve dissolution and performance characteristics in industrial applications, this study offers a green and sustainable approach to enhance the functional properties of carrageenan biocomposites, advancing their potential use in environmentally friendly and high-performance pharmaceutical materials. Springer Netherlands 2025 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45021/1/Nanocellulose%20dissolution%20in%20green%20solvents.pdf Okwuwa, Chigozie Charity and Fatmawati, Adam and Ries, Michael E. (2025) Nanocellulose dissolution in green solvents: Enhancing carrageenan biocomposites for sustainable hard capsule production. Cellulose (107689). pp. 1-25. ISSN 0969-0239. (Published) https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-025-06474-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-025-06474-2
spellingShingle RS Pharmacy and materia medica
TP Chemical technology
Okwuwa, Chigozie Charity
Fatmawati, Adam
Ries, Michael E.
Nanocellulose dissolution in green solvents: Enhancing carrageenan biocomposites for sustainable hard capsule production
title Nanocellulose dissolution in green solvents: Enhancing carrageenan biocomposites for sustainable hard capsule production
title_full Nanocellulose dissolution in green solvents: Enhancing carrageenan biocomposites for sustainable hard capsule production
title_fullStr Nanocellulose dissolution in green solvents: Enhancing carrageenan biocomposites for sustainable hard capsule production
title_full_unstemmed Nanocellulose dissolution in green solvents: Enhancing carrageenan biocomposites for sustainable hard capsule production
title_short Nanocellulose dissolution in green solvents: Enhancing carrageenan biocomposites for sustainable hard capsule production
title_sort nanocellulose dissolution in green solvents: enhancing carrageenan biocomposites for sustainable hard capsule production
topic RS Pharmacy and materia medica
TP Chemical technology
url http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45021/1/Nanocellulose%20dissolution%20in%20green%20solvents.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45021/
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-025-06474-2
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-025-06474-2
url_provider http://umpir.ump.edu.my/