Financial efficiency in Indonesian Islamic banks: a DEA assessment of cost, revenue, and profit efficiency (2016–2022)

Indonesia’s Islamic banks have usually been judged on narrow yardsticks: how cheaply they run or how well they convert inputs into outputs. We stepped back and looked at all three sides of the coin at once: how wisely they spend, how effectively they earn, and how much profit is left on the table. U...

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Main Authors: Kebahyang, Irma Febriana Mimma, Bujang, Imbarine, Mohamed, Norhayati, Bahar, Mohd Shahrin
Format: Article
Language:en
Published: UiTM Cawangan Johor 2025
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Online Access:https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/133267/1/133267.pdf
https://doi.org/10.24191/ij.v13i1
https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/133267/
https://journal.uitm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/IJ
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Summary:Indonesia’s Islamic banks have usually been judged on narrow yardsticks: how cheaply they run or how well they convert inputs into outputs. We stepped back and looked at all three sides of the coin at once: how wisely they spend, how effectively they earn, and how much profit is left on the table. Using a standard DEA model that allows for variable returns to scale, we tracked nine full-fledged Islamic commercial banks from 2016 through 2022. The headline numbers are blunt: on average, they waste 45 % of their inputs (cost efficiency 0.55), leave 28 % of revenue on the floor (revenue efficiency 0.72), yet still manage to keep 84 % of every rupiah of potential profit (profit efficiency 0.84). After the 2019 mega-merger that created Bank Syariah Indonesia and the accompanying push into mobile banking, all three scores ticked upward. The takeaway for OJK and KNKS is simple: Indonesian Islamic banks can stay profitable even while they remain sloppy on cost; regulators now have an integrated benchmark that ties financial survival to the Maqasid al-Shariah goal of protecting wealth.