Pathogenesis and pathophysiological mechanism of obstructive sleep apnea: a review of anatomical, cytoskeletal, muscular, and neurological abnormalities / Siti Nuraidatul Amira

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OS) af f ects approximately 1 billion people globally. It leads to signif icant morbidity and mortality, causing a signif icant burden on the healthcare system. Collapse of the upper airway during sleep is the main pathology in OSA. The aim of this review is to...

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Main Authors:	Amira, Siti Nuraidatul, Mansor, Masaany, Abdul Rahim, Norazila, Kamarudin, Intan Kartika, Palanisamy, Vanitha, Mohamad, Mariam, Omar, Effat
Format:	Article
Language:	en
Published:	Faculty of Medicine 2025
Subjects:	Specialties of internal medicine
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/111298/1/111298.pdf https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/111298/ http://jchs-medicine.uitm.edu.my/
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