Penang economic relationship with Kedah and Selangor: a follow-up research based on the correspondence with Francis Light during the quarter end of the 18th century
A collection of correspondence of Francis Light is the outcome of the Malay writing system that acquires main attention as a trading history source in the Malay Archipelago. This is due to the fact that the correspondence that is written or received by Francis Light could be able to depict the real...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en |
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Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
2025
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| Online Access: | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/26108/1/_10.%2B%5BHer%5D%2B-%2BIbrahim%2BAhmad%2Bet%2Bal.%20-.pdf http://journalarticle.ukm.my/26108/ https://spaj.ukm.my/ajehh/index.php/ajehh/index |
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| _version_ | 1850174110274945024 |
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| author | Ibrahim Ahmad, Aizat Khairi, Zamri Hashim, Shariff Harun, |
| author_facet | Ibrahim Ahmad, Aizat Khairi, Zamri Hashim, Shariff Harun, |
| author_sort | Ibrahim Ahmad, |
| building | Tun Sri Lanang Library |
| collection | Institutional Repository |
| content_provider | Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia |
| content_source | UKM Journal Article Repository |
| continent | Asia |
| country | Malaysia |
| description | A collection of correspondence of Francis Light is the outcome of the Malay writing system that acquires main attention as a trading history source in the Malay Archipelago. This is due to the fact that the correspondence that is written or received by Francis Light could be able to depict the real political, economic and social situation of that time frame. In terms of economy, the correspondence of Francis Light could provide a clearer information on the trading regulations and types of goods of the Malay Isles that trade with Penang. Therefore, this paper will have a closer look on few businesses correspondence that are received by Francis Light from Sultan and Commander of both states when he was the Governor in Penang since 1786. Majority of the correspondence clearly stated the business matters, logistics and selling of commodities, weapons, slaves, and opium. The content of the correspondence not just visualized British as respected administrator but also explained the existence of 18th Century business diversity. In conclusion, the collection of correspondence of Francis Light is one important written history source for both states thus becoming the beginning of British occupation in other Malay states. |
| format | Article |
| id | my-ukm.journal.26108 |
| institution | Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | my-ukm.journal.261082025-11-11T06:36:07Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/26108/ Penang economic relationship with Kedah and Selangor: a follow-up research based on the correspondence with Francis Light during the quarter end of the 18th century Ibrahim Ahmad, Aizat Khairi, Zamri Hashim, Shariff Harun, A collection of correspondence of Francis Light is the outcome of the Malay writing system that acquires main attention as a trading history source in the Malay Archipelago. This is due to the fact that the correspondence that is written or received by Francis Light could be able to depict the real political, economic and social situation of that time frame. In terms of economy, the correspondence of Francis Light could provide a clearer information on the trading regulations and types of goods of the Malay Isles that trade with Penang. Therefore, this paper will have a closer look on few businesses correspondence that are received by Francis Light from Sultan and Commander of both states when he was the Governor in Penang since 1786. Majority of the correspondence clearly stated the business matters, logistics and selling of commodities, weapons, slaves, and opium. The content of the correspondence not just visualized British as respected administrator but also explained the existence of 18th Century business diversity. In conclusion, the collection of correspondence of Francis Light is one important written history source for both states thus becoming the beginning of British occupation in other Malay states. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2025-06-30 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/26108/1/_10.%2B%5BHer%5D%2B-%2BIbrahim%2BAhmad%2Bet%2Bal.%20-.pdf Ibrahim Ahmad, and Aizat Khairi, and Zamri Hashim, and Shariff Harun, (2025) Penang economic relationship with Kedah and Selangor: a follow-up research based on the correspondence with Francis Light during the quarter end of the 18th century. Asian Journal of Environment, History and Heritage, 9 (1). pp. 143-152. ISSN 2590-4310 https://spaj.ukm.my/ajehh/index.php/ajehh/index |
| spellingShingle | Ibrahim Ahmad, Aizat Khairi, Zamri Hashim, Shariff Harun, Penang economic relationship with Kedah and Selangor: a follow-up research based on the correspondence with Francis Light during the quarter end of the 18th century |
| title | Penang economic relationship with Kedah and Selangor: a follow-up research based on the correspondence with Francis Light during the quarter end of the 18th century |
| title_full | Penang economic relationship with Kedah and Selangor: a follow-up research based on the correspondence with Francis Light during the quarter end of the 18th century |
| title_fullStr | Penang economic relationship with Kedah and Selangor: a follow-up research based on the correspondence with Francis Light during the quarter end of the 18th century |
| title_full_unstemmed | Penang economic relationship with Kedah and Selangor: a follow-up research based on the correspondence with Francis Light during the quarter end of the 18th century |
| title_short | Penang economic relationship with Kedah and Selangor: a follow-up research based on the correspondence with Francis Light during the quarter end of the 18th century |
| title_sort | penang economic relationship with kedah and selangor: a follow-up research based on the correspondence with francis light during the quarter end of the 18th century |
| url | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/26108/1/_10.%2B%5BHer%5D%2B-%2BIbrahim%2BAhmad%2Bet%2Bal.%20-.pdf http://journalarticle.ukm.my/26108/ https://spaj.ukm.my/ajehh/index.php/ajehh/index |
| url_provider | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/ |