Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of 22 Sabah traditional rice varieties
Studies have demonstrated that the traditional rice cultivated in Sabah, East Malaysia, exhibits substantial genetic diversity and is renowned for its outstanding nutritional content. However, there are limited studies to ascertain the antioxidant activity and composition of biochemical substances i...
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Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
2025
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| Online Access: | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25065/1/SSB%2015.pdf http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25065/ https://www.ukm.my/jsm/english_journals/vol54num1_2025/contentsVol54num1_2025.html |
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| author | Fui, Fui Lem Chia, How Yen Ling, Joanna Siaw Jing David Devina, Su, Na Chin Fong, Tyng Chee |
| author_facet | Fui, Fui Lem Chia, How Yen Ling, Joanna Siaw Jing David Devina, Su, Na Chin Fong, Tyng Chee |
| author_sort | Fui, Fui Lem |
| building | Tun Sri Lanang Library |
| collection | Institutional Repository |
| content_provider | Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia |
| content_source | UKM Journal Article Repository |
| continent | Asia |
| country | Malaysia |
| description | Studies have demonstrated that the traditional rice cultivated in Sabah, East Malaysia, exhibits substantial genetic diversity and is renowned for its outstanding nutritional content. However, there are limited studies to ascertain the antioxidant activity and composition of biochemical substances in it. The present study evaluates the antioxidant properties of 22 Sabah Traditional Rice varieties, which are classified into pigmented and non-pigmented types. An analysis was performed on 22 Sabah Traditional Rice varieties to determine their Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), and DPPH assay. In addition, a metabolic profiling analysis was performed on biochemical substances extracted from a specific rice variety, Beras Perang, which is known for its high levels of TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity. It was observed that pigmented rice possesses high phenolic content, namely Beras Perang and Baragang Merah (semi-polished), with values ranging from 1.300±0.004 to 1.967±0.019 mg GAE/g. For TFC results, Beras Perang, Masuri Hitam and Tadong Biasa (unpolished) showed higher abundance (1.000±0.001, 0.888±0.001 and 0.793±0.003 mg QE/g), respectively. The antioxidant assay results indicate that three varieties, namely Baragang Merah (92.832± 0.651%), Beras Perang (91.916± 0.331%), and Rongguol (91.965± 0.515%) have antioxidant levels exceeding 90%. Beras Perang has the greatest levels of TPC, TFC, and antioxidants. In metabolic profile analysis, Beras Perang contains a specific form of linoleic acid (12-oxo-10Z-octadecenoic acid) which is not present in the negative control. In conclusion, Sabah Traditional Rice exhibits a highly promising antioxidant activity, over 90%, making it a potential candidate for further development as an alternative superfood. |
| format | Article |
| id | my-ukm.journal.25065 |
| institution | Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | my-ukm.journal.250652025-04-08T07:46:15Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25065/ Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of 22 Sabah traditional rice varieties Fui, Fui Lem Chia, How Yen Ling, Joanna Siaw Jing David Devina, Su, Na Chin Fong, Tyng Chee Studies have demonstrated that the traditional rice cultivated in Sabah, East Malaysia, exhibits substantial genetic diversity and is renowned for its outstanding nutritional content. However, there are limited studies to ascertain the antioxidant activity and composition of biochemical substances in it. The present study evaluates the antioxidant properties of 22 Sabah Traditional Rice varieties, which are classified into pigmented and non-pigmented types. An analysis was performed on 22 Sabah Traditional Rice varieties to determine their Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), and DPPH assay. In addition, a metabolic profiling analysis was performed on biochemical substances extracted from a specific rice variety, Beras Perang, which is known for its high levels of TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity. It was observed that pigmented rice possesses high phenolic content, namely Beras Perang and Baragang Merah (semi-polished), with values ranging from 1.300±0.004 to 1.967±0.019 mg GAE/g. For TFC results, Beras Perang, Masuri Hitam and Tadong Biasa (unpolished) showed higher abundance (1.000±0.001, 0.888±0.001 and 0.793±0.003 mg QE/g), respectively. The antioxidant assay results indicate that three varieties, namely Baragang Merah (92.832± 0.651%), Beras Perang (91.916± 0.331%), and Rongguol (91.965± 0.515%) have antioxidant levels exceeding 90%. Beras Perang has the greatest levels of TPC, TFC, and antioxidants. In metabolic profile analysis, Beras Perang contains a specific form of linoleic acid (12-oxo-10Z-octadecenoic acid) which is not present in the negative control. In conclusion, Sabah Traditional Rice exhibits a highly promising antioxidant activity, over 90%, making it a potential candidate for further development as an alternative superfood. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2025 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25065/1/SSB%2015.pdf Fui, Fui Lem and Chia, How Yen and Ling, Joanna Siaw Jing and David Devina, and Su, Na Chin and Fong, Tyng Chee (2025) Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of 22 Sabah traditional rice varieties. Sains Malaysiana, 54 (1). pp. 187-197. ISSN 0126-6039 https://www.ukm.my/jsm/english_journals/vol54num1_2025/contentsVol54num1_2025.html |
| spellingShingle | Fui, Fui Lem Chia, How Yen Ling, Joanna Siaw Jing David Devina, Su, Na Chin Fong, Tyng Chee Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of 22 Sabah traditional rice varieties |
| title | Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of 22 Sabah traditional rice varieties |
| title_full | Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of 22 Sabah traditional rice varieties |
| title_fullStr | Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of 22 Sabah traditional rice varieties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of 22 Sabah traditional rice varieties |
| title_short | Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of 22 Sabah traditional rice varieties |
| title_sort | antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of 22 sabah traditional rice varieties |
| url | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25065/1/SSB%2015.pdf http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25065/ https://www.ukm.my/jsm/english_journals/vol54num1_2025/contentsVol54num1_2025.html |
| url_provider | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/ |