Staff View: The Influence of Compost Bin Volume and Effective Microorganisms (EM) Quantity for Efficient Food Waste Composting

The Influence of Compost Bin Volume and Effective Microorganisms (EM) Quantity for Efficient Food Waste Composting

The utilization of effective microorganisms (EM) in composting has gained substantial prominence since this additional microorganism is believed to overcome natural composting issues, such as slow decomposition and odour generation. However, a lack of awareness and education about proper composting...

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Main Authors:	Mohamed Raimi, Halimatus Sa’adiah, Azlan Shahrul, Nafratiti Najiha, Tuan Ismail, Tuan Noor Hasanah, Ali, Roslinda, Shaheed, Riffat, Mohamed Yusop, Fatimah
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Akademia Baru 2024
Subjects:	TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Online Access:	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/12397/1/J17860_774e202a41f79aacb60a09b6a05b8cce.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/12397/ https://doi.org/10.37934/armne.16.1.7084
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spelling	my.uthm.eprints.123972025-02-21T08:11:46Z http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/12397/ The Influence of Compost Bin Volume and Effective Microorganisms (EM) Quantity for Efficient Food Waste Composting Mohamed Raimi, Halimatus Sa’adiah Azlan Shahrul, Nafratiti Najiha Tuan Ismail, Tuan Noor Hasanah Ali, Roslinda Shaheed, Riffat Mohamed Yusop, Fatimah TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering The utilization of effective microorganisms (EM) in composting has gained substantial prominence since this additional microorganism is believed to overcome natural composting issues, such as slow decomposition and odour generation. However, a lack of awareness and education about proper composting practices involving EM can result in errors that diminish the decomposition process's effectiveness. Thus, this study aims to enhance the decomposition process's efficiency with emphasis on the balance between EM and food waste, as well as the void space within the compost bin. The investigation employed a varying EM quantity ranging from 20 to 100 ml and compost bin volumes of 6, 9, and 21 L. The food waste is mixed with 60% of the volume of each compost bin. The parameters assessed during the composting process include temperature and pH profile. Additionally, the mature sample after 20 days was then examined through the organic matter (OM), total organic carbon (TOC), and nutrient content, including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). A series of controlled experiments found that the 21L compost bin possessing over 65 % free space reached a thermophilic temperature of 51.5oC within a remarkably brief one-day period and attained maturity within seven days, accompanied by a pH level of 7.4. Conversely, the 6L and 9L compost bins did not progress into the thermophilic phase or reach maturity during the seven-day observation period. The findings also indicate that the optimal quantity of EM required to decompose 600 grams of food waste exceeds 80 mL. They reached thermophilic temperature within eight days. These conditions fostered an environment conducive to accelerated decomposition and nutrient preservation. Notably, the final compost produced from these settings met established criteria for high-quality organic compost. This paper provides practical insights into achieving optimal conditions for EM application, thereby maximizing its effectiveness in food waste composting at source. Beyond the technical aspects, the research gives the broader social and environmental effects of home food waste composting, including its contribution to reducing landfill waste, greenhouse gas emissions, and community engagement. Akademia Baru 2024 Article PeerReviewed text en http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/12397/1/J17860_774e202a41f79aacb60a09b6a05b8cce.pdf Mohamed Raimi, Halimatus Sa’adiah and Azlan Shahrul, Nafratiti Najiha and Tuan Ismail, Tuan Noor Hasanah and Ali, Roslinda and Shaheed, Riffat and Mohamed Yusop, Fatimah (2024) The Influence of Compost Bin Volume and Effective Microorganisms (EM) Quantity for Efficient Food Waste Composting. Journal of Advanced Research in Micro and Nano Engineering, 16 (1). pp. 70-84. ISSN 2756-8210 https://doi.org/10.37934/armne.16.1.7084
institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
building	UTHM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
content_source	UTHM Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/
language	English
topic	TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
spellingShingle	TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering Mohamed Raimi, Halimatus Sa’adiah Azlan Shahrul, Nafratiti Najiha Tuan Ismail, Tuan Noor Hasanah Ali, Roslinda Shaheed, Riffat Mohamed Yusop, Fatimah The Influence of Compost Bin Volume and Effective Microorganisms (EM) Quantity for Efficient Food Waste Composting
description	The utilization of effective microorganisms (EM) in composting has gained substantial prominence since this additional microorganism is believed to overcome natural composting issues, such as slow decomposition and odour generation. However, a lack of awareness and education about proper composting practices involving EM can result in errors that diminish the decomposition process's effectiveness. Thus, this study aims to enhance the decomposition process's efficiency with emphasis on the balance between EM and food waste, as well as the void space within the compost bin. The investigation employed a varying EM quantity ranging from 20 to 100 ml and compost bin volumes of 6, 9, and 21 L. The food waste is mixed with 60% of the volume of each compost bin. The parameters assessed during the composting process include temperature and pH profile. Additionally, the mature sample after 20 days was then examined through the organic matter (OM), total organic carbon (TOC), and nutrient content, including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). A series of controlled experiments found that the 21L compost bin possessing over 65 % free space reached a thermophilic temperature of 51.5oC within a remarkably brief one-day period and attained maturity within seven days, accompanied by a pH level of 7.4. Conversely, the 6L and 9L compost bins did not progress into the thermophilic phase or reach maturity during the seven-day observation period. The findings also indicate that the optimal quantity of EM required to decompose 600 grams of food waste exceeds 80 mL. They reached thermophilic temperature within eight days. These conditions fostered an environment conducive to accelerated decomposition and nutrient preservation. Notably, the final compost produced from these settings met established criteria for high-quality organic compost. This paper provides practical insights into achieving optimal conditions for EM application, thereby maximizing its effectiveness in food waste composting at source. Beyond the technical aspects, the research gives the broader social and environmental effects of home food waste composting, including its contribution to reducing landfill waste, greenhouse gas emissions, and community engagement.
format	Article
author	Mohamed Raimi, Halimatus Sa’adiah Azlan Shahrul, Nafratiti Najiha Tuan Ismail, Tuan Noor Hasanah Ali, Roslinda Shaheed, Riffat Mohamed Yusop, Fatimah
author_facet	Mohamed Raimi, Halimatus Sa’adiah Azlan Shahrul, Nafratiti Najiha Tuan Ismail, Tuan Noor Hasanah Ali, Roslinda Shaheed, Riffat Mohamed Yusop, Fatimah
author_sort	Mohamed Raimi, Halimatus Sa’adiah
title	The Influence of Compost Bin Volume and Effective Microorganisms (EM) Quantity for Efficient Food Waste Composting
title_short	The Influence of Compost Bin Volume and Effective Microorganisms (EM) Quantity for Efficient Food Waste Composting
title_full	The Influence of Compost Bin Volume and Effective Microorganisms (EM) Quantity for Efficient Food Waste Composting
title_fullStr	The Influence of Compost Bin Volume and Effective Microorganisms (EM) Quantity for Efficient Food Waste Composting
title_full_unstemmed	The Influence of Compost Bin Volume and Effective Microorganisms (EM) Quantity for Efficient Food Waste Composting
title_sort	influence of compost bin volume and effective microorganisms (em) quantity for efficient food waste composting
publisher	Akademia Baru
publishDate	2024
url	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/12397/1/J17860_774e202a41f79aacb60a09b6a05b8cce.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/12397/ https://doi.org/10.37934/armne.16.1.7084
_version_	1825163110576553984
score	13.239859

The Influence of Compost Bin Volume and Effective Microorganisms (EM) Quantity for Efficient Food Waste Composting

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